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低碳低脂饮食益于减肥.doc

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PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT3 Low-carbandlow-fatdietsequallygoodforweightloss Bothlow-fatandlow-carbdietsworkequallywelltohelppeopleloseweightovertwoyears,newresearchhasshown.Inaddition,thelow-carbdietmayalsoboostlevelsof'good'cholesterol,althoughit'snotclearhowmuchdifferencethiswouldmaketoyouroverallhealth. Whatdoweknowalready? Thequesttofindadietthathelpspeopleloseweightgoesbackdecades.Inrecentyears,there'sbeenmuchdiscussionaboutthemeritsoflow-fatdiets,comparedwithlow-carbohydratediets. Researchshowsthelow-carbdietworkswellforshort-termweightloss,butthereisn'tenoughevidencetoshowhowwellthetwotypesofdietworkinthelong-term,andwhattheeffectsareonpeople'shealth,forexampletheircholesterollevels. Inaddition,it'sbeenrecognisedthatweightlossprogrammesarebetteriftheyincludesomesupporttohelppeoplemakechangestotheireatingandexercisehabits.Thisisoftencalledbehaviouraltherapy,becauseitworksthroughchangingpeople'sbehaviour.Groupsupportalsoseemstohelp. Anewstudyhascomparedpeoplewhofollowedaweight-lossprogrammeovertwoyears,allofwhomhadbehaviouraltherapy.Halfthepeoplefollowedalow-carbdiet(wheretheycouldeatasmuchastheyliked,butwereonlyallowedsmallamountsofcarbohydrate–just20gramsadayatthestartofthestudy),andhalffollowedalow-fatdiet(wheretheywerelimitedtobetween1,200and1,800caloriesaday,onlyone-thirdofwhichcouldbefromfat). Theresearchersmeasuredpeople'sweightaftertwoyears,andalsootherfactorssuchascholesterollevels,bloodpressure,bonestrength,andbodyfatpercentage. Whatdoesthenewstudysay? Peopleonbothdietsdidequallywellinlosingweight.Aftertwoyears,theyhadlostonaverage7kilograms(justoverastone),ortheequivalentof7percentoftheirbodyweight.Thisamountofweightlossisenoughtohavepositiveeffectsonthehealthofoverweightpeople. Therewerefewdifferencesintheotherhealthmeasures.Thegroupwho'dhadthelow-carbdiethadmuchbetterlevelsof'good'(HDL)cholesterolthanpeopleonthelow-fatdiet. Howreliablearethefindings? Thiswasawell-runstudy,lookingat307peoplewithabodymassindexof30to40(classedasobese).Quitealotofpeople(77)