Point-of-View-文学原理教程课件.ppt

PointofViewPointofView观点
----Theangle/perspectivefromwhichthestoryistold.

Narrator叙述者/Storyteller
----Thecharacter/voicethattellsthestory.Pointofviewdependsontwofactors:
--–Physicalsituationofthenarratorasanobserver;
--–Speaker’sintellectualandemotionalposition.

观点
----有些东西能为我所见，有些东西则不能。在事件中，没有一个人能说出全貌，却都提供了别人所缺少的部分。作者的任务是找出最适合于他要述说之故事的观点。KindsofPointofView①Third-PersonPointofView
Omniscient(all-knowing)

----Withthispointofview,an“all-knowing”narratorfirmlyimposeshispresencebetweenthereaderandthestory,andretainscompletecontroloverthenarrative.

----Thenarratorisnotacharacterinthestorybutcantellyouthethoughtsandactionsofallcharactersatalltimes.
(Pronouns:he,she,him,her,they,them,etc.)

Advantage
----Theflexibilitygivenbythe“all-knowing”narratorcandirectthereader’sattentionandcontrolthesourcesofinformation.
②Third-PersonPointofView
Limited
(limitedtoonecharacter’sthought)
----Withthispointofview,thenarratorlimitshisabilitytopenetratethemindsofcharactersbyselectingasinglecharactertoactasthecenterofrevelation.
③DramaticPointofView
(strictlyreporting)

----Inthispointofview,thenarratordisappearscompletelyandthestoryisallowedtopresentitselfdramaticallythroughactionanddialogue.Advantage
----Withthedisappearanceofthenarrator,tellingisreplacedbyshowing,andtheillusioniscreatedthatthereaderisadirectandimmediatelywitnesstoanunfoldingdrama.2.First-PersonPointofView
(NarratorasParticipant)

----Inthispointofview,thenarratorappearsinthenovelas“I”or“me”andsharesthelimitationsofthirdpersonlimited.
①NarratorasMajorCharacter;
②NarratorasMinorCharacter.Advantage
----Byassumingtheidentityas“I”,thenarratorendearshimselftothereaderwhilehehastosacrificetheprivilegeofomniscience.
----Thenarratorstandsinsidethestoryandrelatesfirsthandexperience,whichcancreateafeelingofintimacy.
AnalyzingNarrator2.Isthenarratoraparticipatingcharacter,oristhenarratortellingthestoryfromanomniscientpointofview?
3.Isthenarratornaïve?Thereadercanseethatthenarrator’sbackgroundlimitshis/herabilitytounderstandas