Plot-文学原理教程课件.ppt

Fiction虚构，小说Novel小说
----Longfictionalprosenarrative;
ShortStory
----Ashortworkofnarrativeprosefiction.Thedistinctionbetweentheshortstoryandnovelismainlyoneoflength.
ElementsofFictionPlotStory----Anarrativeofeventsarrangedinatemporalsequence.
Plot(AStoryLine)
----Aparticulararrangementofeventsinanovelaimedatrevealingtheircausalrelationshipsoratconveyingthenovelist’sideas.
Eg:
Thekingdiedandthenthequeendied.
----Astory
Thekingdiedandthenthequeendiedofgrief.
----Aplot情节与故事大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流所以面对故事，我们最常问的是『然后呢？』然而面对情节，我们要问的反而是『为什么？』，因为一本结构紧密的小说，其中必然是相关因果互击，当中千头万绪，繁杂错乱，读者必须运用记忆----掌握因果始终，同时加上智慧----对情节中的悬宕（suspension），加以推敲。如此阅读小说的目的反而不是快得到结局，而是过程中抽丝剥茧，步步为营的乐趣了。Plot
----Theelementoffictionthatsetsup,develops,andresolvesaconflict.Conflict冲突KindsofConflictManvs.ManManvs.NatureManvs.SocietyInternalConflict内部冲突
----Moral,psychological,orspiritualstrugglewithinthecharacteritself.

ManversusSelf
Manvs.SelfFiveStagesofPlot1.ExpositionThisusuallyoccursatthebeginningofashortstory.Herethecharactersareintroduced.Wealsolearnaboutthesettingofthestory.Mostimportantly,weareintroducedtothemainconflict(mainproblem).
2.Complication2.Complication3.CrisisThisistheturningpointofthestory.Usuallythemaincharactercomesfacetofacewithaconflict.Themaincharacterwillchangeinsomeway.
4.FallingAction4.FallingAction5.Resolution5.ResolutionPuttingItAllTogetherDifferentWaysofArrangingEventsinPlotSpecialTechniquesofPlotEg:Shiftfrompresidentinovalofficetoascenefromhishighschoolexperience

2.Foreshadowing铺垫，伏笔
----Adevicebymeansofwhichtheauthorhintsatsth.tofollow.

Eg:Violentstormsindicateviolencetocomeinplot.

3.Suspense悬念
----Thepsychologicaltensionoranxietyresultingfromthereader’soraudience’suncertaintyofjusthowasituationorconflictislikelytoend.
4.Subplot次要情节
MinorPlot/Underplot
----Asecondaryactionorcomplicationwithinafictionalordramaticworkthatoftenservestoreinforceorcontrastthemainplot.AnalyzingPlot2.Whatarethechiefepisodesorincidentsthatmakeuptheplot?Isitsdevelopmentstrictlychronological,oristhechronologyrea