学术英语社科类unit原文及翻译.pdf

CulturalGlobalization

1.Muchoftheearlydevelopmentofdifferentlanguages,customs,andother

diverseaspectsworldculturesresultedfromtheisolationofgroupsofpeoplefrom

oneanother.Itisnotsurprising,then,thatadegreeofculturalamalgamationhas

occurredasimprovedtransportationandcommunicationhavebroughtpeopleof

varioussocietiesintoevermorefrequentcontact.Analyzingtheblurringof

culturaldifferencesinevitablyincludesagreatdealaboutfastfood,basketball,

rockmusic,andothersuchaspectsofpopculture,butsuchanalysisdoesnot

trivializethesubject,.Instead,alongstandingbottomuplineofpoliticaltheory

arguesthattheworld`speoplecanbuildoncommonplaceinteractionsand

increasingculturalcommonalitiesthatengenderfamiliaritywithandconfidencein

oneanothertocreateaglobalcivilsocietythatmightevolveintoaglobalnation.

Bythesameprocess,iftransnationalcivilsocietiesdevelop,thenregionalandeven

globalschemesofgovernancecouldconceivablyformandsupplementor

supplanttheterritorialstate.Scholarswhoexaminethebottom-upprocessof

transnationalintegrationlookforevidenceinsuchfactorsastheflowof

communicationsandcommercebetweencountriesandthespreadacrossborders

ofwhatpeoplewear,eat,anddoforrecreation.

1、不同语言、风俗习惯以及其他不同的文化背景下，世界文化的早期发展，是从彼此

分离的人群中产生的。这并不奇怪，那么，文化融合的程度已经发生，因为交通运输和沟

通带来了不同社会的人们更频繁的接触。模糊的分析文化差异必然包括快餐、篮球、摇滚

乐以及一些其他的流行文化，但是，这种分析并并不切题。相反，一个长期的自下而上的

政治理论认为，世界上的人可以在司空见惯的相互作用和增加文化共性产生的熟悉和对彼
此的信心创造一个全球公民社会，可能会发展成一个全球性的民族。通过同样的过程，如

果跨国公民社会得到发展，那么治理区域甚至全球方案的可能形式和补充或取代国家的领

土的形式。学者们研究了自底向上的跨国整合的过程，在通信和贸易的流动和国家之间的

蔓延，人们穿着，吃，并做娱乐的传播这些因素之间的中寻找证据。

2.Whileitisprematuretotalkofaworldculture,andindeedthatmaynever

come,thereissignificantevidenceofculturalamalgamationintheworld.The

leadersofChinaoncewore‘Chinesetunicsuits”;nowtheywearWestern-style

businesssuits.Whendressinginformally,peopleinShanghai,Lagos,andMexico

Cityaremoreapttowearjeans,T-shirts,andsneakersthantheircountry`s

traditionaldress.Youngpeopleeverywherelistentothesamemusic,with,for

example“Disturbia”byRihannaontheTop-10chartsinman