河南省林州市第一中学高中英语Unit1ArtGrammar_虚拟语气一练习新人教版选修6.doc

3虚拟语气（一）【观察】观察下列几组句子中虚拟语气的用法，然后加以总结。1.a.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapplyforthejob.b.IwouldwalktoworkifIlivednearmyoffice.2.a.Youcouldhavepassedtheexamifyouhadbeenmorecareful.b.Ifyouhadturnedoffthegas,thehousewouldn’thavecaughtfire.3.a.IfIweretodothejob,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.b.Thegamewouldhavetobecalledoffifitshouldrainthisweekend.c.Iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime,Icouldtrymybest.4.a.WereIyou,Iwouldrefusethemoney.b.HadInotseenitwithmyowneyes,Iwouldnothavebelievedit.c.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthematch.5.a.IwishIwereabird!b.Idowishyouwouldcomeearliernexttime.c.IwishIhaddonebetterinmywork.【总结】虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句和名词性从句中。一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法：1.与现在事实相反或实现可能性不大：从句的谓语用动词的过去式，主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形（如第1组例句）。注意：be的过去式用________。2.与过去事实相反：从句的谓语用“had+过去分词”，主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词（如第2组例句）。3.与将来事实相反：从句的谓语可以用动词的________，也可用wereto/should+动词原形，主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形（如第3组例句）。4.当从句谓语中有should/were/had时，可将if省略，而将should/were/had提前（如第4组例句）。二、虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：在wish后的宾语从句中，谓语用过去式表示现在的情况；用would/could/might+动词原形表示将来的情况；用“had+过去分词”表示过去的情况（如第5组例句）。【即学即练】从Ａ、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(湖南2012)A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had2.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_____secondthoughts.(浙江2012)A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad3.Ifmycar_____morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.(陕西2012)A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe4.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold_____usaridehome.(天津2012)A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toffered5.Hedidn’tgototheparty,buthedoeswishhe_____there.A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.wouldbe6.Iwishnothing_____preventthemfromcoming.A.shallB.wouldC.willD.can答案【总结】were；过去式【即学即练】1-6DDBDAC