河南省林州市第一中学高中英语Unit1ArtGrammar_虚拟语气一练习新人教版选修6.doc

3虚拟语气（一）【观察】观察下列几组句子中虚拟语气的用法然后加以总结。1.a.IfIwereyouIwouldapplyforthejob.b.IwouldwalktoworkifIlivednearmyoffice.2.a.Youcouldhavepassedtheexamifyouhadbeenmorecareful.b.Ifyouhadturnedoffthegasthehousewouldn’thavecaughtfire.3.a.IfIweretodothejobIwoulddoitinadifferentway.b.Thegamewouldhavetobecalledoffifitshouldrainthisweekend.c.IftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttimeIcouldtrymybest.4.a.WereIyouIwouldrefusethemoney.b.HadInotseenitwithmyowneyesIwouldnothavebelievedit.c.Shoulditraintomorrowwewouldhavetoputoffthematch.5.a.IwishIwereabird!b.Idowishyouwouldcomeearliernexttime.c.IwishIhaddonebetterinmywork.【总结】虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于条件从句和名词性从句中。一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法：1.与现在事实相反或实现可能性不大：从句的谓语用动词的过去式主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形（如第1组例句）。注意：be的过去式用________。2.与过去事实相反：从句的谓语用“had+过去分词”主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+have+过去分词（如第2组例句）。3.与将来事实相反：从句的谓语可以用动词的________也可用wereto/should+动词原形主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形（如第3组例句）。4.当从句谓语中有should/were/had时可将if省略而将should/were/had提前（如第4组例句）。二、虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：在wish后的宾语从句中谓语用过去式表示现在的情况；用would/could/might+动词原形表示将来的情况；用“had+过去分词”表示过去的情况（如第5组例句）。【即学即练】从Ａ、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.SorryIamtoobusynow.IfI_____timeIwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(湖南2012)A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had2.Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnextthey_____secondthoughts.(浙江2012)A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad3.Ifmycar_____morereliableIwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.(陕西2012)A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe4.WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold_____usaridehome.(天津2012)A.didn’tofferB.wouldn’tofferC.hasn’tofferedD.hadn’toff