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OtologyAppliedAnatomy&PhysiologyTheearconsistsofthreeparts:external、middle、internaltemporalboneLocatedatthetwosidesofthecranialboneAnatomyoftemporalbone1.externalear→containstwoparts:auricleandtheexternalauditorymeatusFeaturesoftheskin:AuralpseudocystCongenitalpreauricularfistulaexternalear2.middleearmiddleear1.tympaniccavitymiddleear1.tympaniccavitymiddleear1.tympaniccavitymiddleear1.tympaniccavitytympanicmembranemiddleear1.tympaniccavity外半规管凸middleear1.tympaniccavity鼓索神经锤骨malleusmiddleear2.pharyngotympanictubemiddleear2.pharyngotympanictubeFacialnerve3.Innerear(labyrinth)InthepetrouspartofthetemporalboneContainsimportantperceivingequipmentspfthehearingandpositionInnerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)Innerear(labyrinth)OrganofCORTICochlearnervePhysiologyoftheearhearing、balanceairconduction、boneconductionPhysiologyoftheearcollectthesoundwavesIncreasethesoundpressureby10-12dBwhentheresonantfrequencyofexternalmeatusisabout3800HzProtectthedeepstructureoftheearfromdamaging.Drumandtheossicularchain:increasethesoundpressureEustachiantube:keepthebalanceofpressurebetweentheinsideandtheoutsideofthemiddleeardrainagesounddeadeningagainstthereversedinfectionconductingsound:perilymph-endolymphbasilarmembraneperceivingsound:organofCortiThepathofaudiblesignalfromtheinnereartothecorticalcentrePhysiologyoftheearInnerear-vestibulePhysiologyoftheear