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Otology AppliedAnatomy&PhysiologyTheearconsistsofthreeparts:external、middle、internaltemporalbone Locatedatthetwosidesofthecranialbone Anatomyoftemporalbone 1.externalear →containstwoparts:auricleandtheexternalauditorymeatus Featuresoftheskin:AuralpseudocystCongenitalpreauricularfistulaexternalear 2.middleear middleear 1.tympaniccavitymiddleear 1.tympaniccavitymiddleear 1.tympaniccavitymiddleear 1.tympaniccavitytympanicmembranemiddleear 1.tympaniccavity外半规管凸middleear1.tympaniccavity鼓索神经锤骨malleusmiddleear 2.pharyngotympanictubemiddleear 2.pharyngotympanictube Facialnerve3.Innerear(labyrinth) Inthepetrouspartofthetemporalbone ContainsimportantperceivingequipmentspfthehearingandpositionInnerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) Innerear(labyrinth) OrganofCORTICochlearnervePhysiologyoftheearhearing、balance airconduction、boneconductionPhysiologyoftheear collectthesoundwaves Increasethesoundpressureby10-12dBwhentheresonantfrequencyofexternalmeatusisabout3800Hz Protectthedeepstructureoftheearfromdamaging. Drumandtheossicularchain:increasethesoundpressure Eustachiantube: keepthebalanceofpressurebetweentheinsideandtheoutsideofthemiddleear drainage sounddeadening againstthereversedinfection conductingsound:perilymph-endolymphbasilarmembrane perceivingsound:organofCorti ThepathofaudiblesignalfromtheinnereartothecorticalcentrePhysiologyoftheear Innerear-vestibulePhysiologyoftheear