宫内伊予柑果实发育期间色泽和色素的变化.pdf

园艺学报2006,33(3):461～465
ActaHorticulturaeSinica

宫内伊予柑果实发育期间色泽和色素的变化
王伟杰1徐建国2徐昌杰13
(1浙江大学园艺系,农业部园艺植物生长发育与生物技术重点开放实验室,浙江杭州310029;2浙江省柑桔研究所,
浙江台州318020)

摘要:以宫内伊予柑为试材,对果实发育期间色泽、色素种类及含量,尤其是类胡萝卜素组分进行
了研究。结果表明,幼果中高含量的叶绿素使果实呈现青绿色,采前8周起类胡萝卜素开始积累,采前4
周起随叶绿素含量下降黄色得以显现。果实类胡萝卜素主要存在于果皮中,成熟果实果皮类胡萝卜素含量
达囊瓣的16162倍,总量占整果的83162%。用高效液相色谱—二极管阵列检测(HPLC-PDAD)技术,
对采前12周至采收期的果皮类胡萝卜素组成进行了分析,共分离出类胡萝卜素组分23种,其中7种得到
鉴定。在采收期果皮中,已鉴定的类胡萝卜素中以β-隐黄质和玉米黄素较丰富,占总类胡萝卜素的
8100%和6178%;β-胡萝卜素不足总类胡萝卜素的1%,没有检测出α-胡萝卜素和番茄红素。果实成熟
过程中β-隐黄质及玉米黄素含量上升,并伴随α-胡萝卜素、叶黄质和β-胡萝卜素含量下降,暗示类胡
萝卜素的β主链合成能力和β环羟化活性急剧增强,与此同时,阿朴类胡萝卜素的出现则表明类胡萝卜素
的裂解能力随果实成熟而上升。
关键词:柑;果实色泽;类胡萝卜素;色素
中图分类号:S66611文献标识码:A文章编号:05132353X(2006)0320461205

DevelopmentalChangesinExternalColor,PigmentContentandComposi2
tioninCitrusiyoFruit

WangWeijie1,XuJianguo2,andXuChangjie13
(1DepartmentofHorticulture,TheStateAgricultureMinistryLaboratoryofHorticulturalPlantGrowth,Development&Biotechnolo2
gy,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang310029,China;2ZhejiangCitrusResearchInstitute,Taizhou,Zhejiang318020,
China)

Abstract:Developmentalchangesinthecontentandcompositionofpigments,especiallycarotenoids,in
CitrusiyoHort.exTanakacv.Miyauchifruitandtheircorrelationswithfruitcolorationwerestudied.High
contentofchlorophyllsinyoungfruitwasresponsibleforitsgreencolor.Intensiveincreaseincontentofcarot2
enoidsandrapidlossofchlorophyllscommencedat8and4weeksbeforeharvestrespectively,andbothchan2
gescontributedtoyellowcolordevelopmentinripeningfruit.83162%oftotalfruitcarotenoidswasfoundloca2
tedinthepeel,wherecarotenoidcontentwas16162timesashighasthatinthepulp.Compositionofcarote2
noidsinthepeelwithin12weeksbeforefruitharvestwasanalyzedusinghighperformanceliquidchromatogra2
phy2photodiodearraydetection(HPLC-PDAD).23carotenoidswereseparatedand7ofthemwereidenti2
fied.Amongidentifiedcarotenoids,β2cryptoxanthinandzeaxanthinwererelativelyabundantandaccounted
for8100%and6178%oftotalcarotenoidsrespectively;β2carotenewaslessthan1%oftotalwhileα2carotene
andlycopenewereundetectable.Theincreasei