博士生课程5细胞因子.ppt

8-30KD
CK-CKRsJustashormonesserveasmessengeroftheendocrinesystem,socytokineseverasmessengersoftheimmunesystem.

Unlikeendocrinehormones,though,whichexerttheireffectsoverlargedistances,cytokinesgeneralactlocally.CytokinescanexertdifferentactionsPropertiesofcytokinesBiologicaleffectsofthecytokinesCytokinesduringhematopoiesisinterleukin,IL（白细胞介素）
colonystimulatingfactor,CSF（集落刺激因子）
interferon,IFN（干扰素）
tumornecrosisfactor,TNF（肿瘤坏死因子）
Chemokine,CK（趋化因子）
growthfactor,GF（生长因子）CytokinesoftheinnateandadaptiveimmunesystemCytokinesofinnateimmunesystemInterleukin
Interleukinsaresecretedbysomeleukocytesandactuponotherleukocytes,IL-1~IL-35havebeenidentified.Interleukin-1,IL-1ThereleaseofTNF-abymacrophagesinduceslocalprotectiveeffects,butTNF-acanhavedamagingeffectswhenreleasedsystemically(septicshock).
CX3CRIL-12producedbymacrophagesanddendriticcellsisakeycytokinetofightintracellularmicrobes(bacteriaandviruses)

IL-12inducesIFN-γ,anactivatorofmacrophages(killingofphagocytosedmicrobes)andTh1celldifferentiation

IL-12alsoincreasescytotoxicactivityofCD8andNKcellsThecytokinesthatresistviralinfection,andinterfereviralreplication,includingIFN,IFN,IFNε,IFNω,IFNκ(typeI);IFN(typeII)Integrativesignalingofcytokinesduring
innateimmuneresponsesCytokinesofadaptiveimmunesystemIL-4inducesIsotypeswitchingagainstextracellularpathogens,
suchashelminthsandathropodesPleiotropicactivitiesofIFN-γAnti-inflammatorycytokinesAdditionalkeycytokines是一类可介导不同类型细胞生长和分化的细胞因子。

根据其功能和作用的靶细胞不同，分别命名为：
表皮生长因子（epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF)
血管内皮生长因子（vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)
成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblastgrowthfactor,FGF)
神经生长因子(nervegrowthfactor,NGF)
血小板衍生的生长因子（plateletderivedgrowthfactor,PDGF)
肝细胞生长因子（hepaticgrowthfactor,HGF)VEGFReceptorSignalingTH1andTH2subsetssecretedifferentcytokinesTH1andTH2subsetsregulateeachotherCD4+Tcellsisolationanddifferentiation
Spleensweremechanicallydissociated,followedbydepletionoferythrocytes.NaiveCD4+Tcellswereisolatedbynegativeselection.CD4+Tcellswereculturedinmediumsupplementedwith