英汉翻译教案.doc

ChapterOnePartOneDefinitionofTranslation
ILengthoftime:twohours
IITeachingaims:1familiarizeSswiththedefinitionoftranslation;2helpSstomastertheclassificationoftranslation;3familiarizeSswiththehistoryoftranslationinChina
IIIMainteachingpoints:definitionoftranslation;classificationoftranslation;historyoftranslationinChina
IVTeachingprocedure:
1Definition
1.1Translationinbroadsense:Translationofbasicinformationbetweenlanguageandlanguage,languagevarietyandlanguagevarietyaswellaslanguageandnon-languagecode.(eg:a.fromEnglishtoChineseorviceversa;b.fromCantonesetoPutonghuaorstandardChinese;fromancientChinesetocontemporaryChinese;c.fromtrafficsigntotrafficregulations)
1.2Translationinnarrowsense
changeoflanguage
宋僧法云：“夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语，转为汉地之言。音虽似别，义则大同。”（《翻译名义集》）
TheOxfordEnglishDictionary:toturnfromonelanguageintoanother
Webster’sThirdNewInternationalDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage:toturnintoone’sownoranotherlanguage.
conveyofmeaning:
林汉达：“什么叫做正确的翻译呢？就是尽可能地按照中国语文的习惯，忠实地表达原文中所有的意义。”
瞿秋白：“翻译应当把原文的本意，完全正确地介绍给中国读者。”
Meaning:
刘宓庆：语际意义分为六种——概念（主题）意义、语境意义、形式意义、风格意义、形象意义、文化意义。
Nida把翻译中的“意义”概括为“语义”和“文体”：translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesource-languagemessage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.
inseparabilitybetweenbothcontentandform
费道罗夫：翻译就是用一种语言把另一种语言在内容和形式不可分割的统一中业已表达了出来的东西准确而完全地表达出来。
speechact/communicativeactivity.Translationisrelatednotonlytolanguageitself,butalsothecommunicativecontextandpersonalexperienceandknowledgeoftheparticipants.eg:Translationtheoriesarenotonlybasedonpurelinguistics,butalsomanyothernon-languageelements.
Socialandhistoricalbackground(externalcontext)
张今：翻译是两个语言社会之间的交际过程和交际工具，其目的是要促进本语言社会的政治、经济和（或）文化进步，它的任务是要把原作中包含的现实世界的逻辑映象或艺术映象，完好无损地从一种语言中移注到另一种语言中去。Asacommunicativeprocessandcommunicativetoolaswell,translation,withtheaimtopromotethepolitical,economicand(or)culturaldevelopmentinthelanguagecommunityofthetargetlanguage,istoconveyinanintactwaythelogicandartisticreflectionoftheactualworldintheoriginalwo