英汉翻译讲义[2]彭.ppt

英汉翻译理论与实践————主讲人：彭忍钢5英汉思维方式和心理文化的对比5.1英语的功能性vs.汉语的形象性manrainumbrellathemoonthesunfollow6英汉语言对比与翻译(6)语法（英：外显性汉：内隐性）*Hewasfondofswimmingwhenhewasachild。*Sheisunabletoattendclasstodaybecausehehasstillrunafever.*Itisessentialthateverychildshouldhavethesameopportunitytohaveeducation.（语序对比4）*Ifthesmallhotspotslookasexpected,thatwillbeatriumphforyetanotherscientificidea,arefinementoftheBigBangcalledtheinflationaryuniversetheory.(研1998-74)*Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.C)英汉句子结构常式比较---马秉义《英汉语比较与翻译3》*Thatdirtyoldhouseisanoffensetoeveryonewholivesinthestreet.*结婚大办酒席，实在可以免去了。7英汉文化对比与翻译文化——人类社会在历史发展过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和。(物质文化，制度文化和心理文化）*亚洲四小龙*“紫罗兰”牌男装*“芳芳”牌化妆品*改善生活*黄色书刊*“金鸡”奖*“蓝天”牌台灯*白酒*adarkhorse*ablackhorse*darkeyes*blackeyes*redeyes*green-eyed*agreenhand*yellowpages（2）副语言*沉默*话轮转换（有声回应）*公共场合*严控体内声音（6）人际关系*家庭.个人*中：内外有别，长幼有序；重视纵的关系；孝顺父母*朋友*同乡*单位*关系网*圈内圈外练习：(请注意句子中的文化因素)*Withdetermination,withluckandwithhelpfromlotsofgoodpeople,Iwasabletorisefromtheashes.*Youareexpectingtoomuchofhim.Heisstillgreen,youknow.*Ibelieve,becauseofmyreligiousfaith,thatIshall”returntoFather”inanafterlifethatisbeyonddescription.*ButSmithshowedunexpectedstrength,especiallyinthewetdistrict.*NooneiscertainhowmuchenergyTheBigAppleconsumes,buttheamountmustbeenormous.*EvenifyoureadFrencheasily,you’llfindit’sanothercupofteatomakeconversationinFrench.*Itisrainingcatsanddogs.*Johnsaysit’ssixofoneandhalf-a-dozenoftheotherwhetherhedoesthejobtonightortomorrownight.8英译汉常用的方法和技巧8.1词汇方面8.1.1词义的选择（先确定词类，然后根据上下文及搭配来确定词义），*ThecarinfrontofmestalledandImissedthegreen.*VietnamwashisentreetothenewAdministration,histhirdincarnationasaforeignpolicyconsultant.B)转译成名词v.adj---n*Awell-dressedman,wholookedandtalkedlikeanEnglish,gotintothetrain.*Whatshedidwasfavorablycommentedatthemeeting.D)转译成副词n.adj—adv*Thegirlintheseatisstudyingtheboybesideherwithinterest.OnthedesktherewasabronzefigureofPlato.Hesawdimfiguresmovingtowardshim.Junewasgoodatfigureskating.Wehavecometoknowthena