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番茄采后病害生物防治新菌种的筛选.pdf

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http://www.paper.edu.cn 1BiocontrolofPostharvestFungalPathogensbyYeasts 1 2IsolatedfromFruitsandMarineSource aa,*a,*a 3YifeiWang，FengqinFeng，XiaodongZheng，HaiqingTang， ba 4HongyingZhang，TingYu 5E-mail：xdzheng@zju.edu.cn 6aDepartmentofFoodScienceandNutrition，ZhejiangUniversity，Hangzhou（310029） 7bCollegeofBiologicalandEnvironmentalEngineering，JiangsuUniversity，Zhenjiang（212013） 8 9Abstract 10Fruitwoundsandmarineresourceswereutilizedtoscreenforpotentialantagoniststopostharvestrotof 11cherrytomato.Biocontrolactivityofatotalof34yeastsisolatesweretested,amongwhichfourisolates 12wereselectedwiththebestefficacyinreducingthedecayrateofAlternariaAlternataandBotrytis 13cinerea.OneofthemarineyeastisolatedfromEastChinaSeawasidentifiedasRhodosporidium 14paludigenumFell&Tallman,whichhasnotbeendescribedpreviouslyasabiocontrolagent.The 15applicationofR.paludigenumisalsoeffectiveforotherpostharvestrotoffruits.Itsefficacydeclined 16toa36%reductioninpear,a33%reductioninpersimmonandan69%reductioninChinesejujube 17afteroneweekofstorage. 18Keywords:antagonists；cherrytomato；biologicalcontrol；postharvest；Alternaria.Alternata；Botrytis 19cinerea；Rhodosporidiumpaludigenum 20 21 221.Introduction 23Considerableamountsoffruitsandvegetablesarelosttospoilageafterharvest.Thislosscanvary 24fromanestimated10-50%dependingonthecommoditybothindevelopedandunderdeveloped, 25tropicalcountries(CourseyandBooth,1972;Cappellini,1984;Eckert,1985).Presently,postharvest 26applicationofsyntheticfungicidesistheprimarymethodofcontrollingthesediseases.Withpublic 27concerntorestricttheuseofsyntheticfungicidesforthecontrolofpostharvestdiseasesoffruitsand 28vegetables,aneedexistsforsafeandeffectivealternatives(WisniewskiandWilson,1992).Biological 29controlwhichemploysmicroorganismshasproventobeeffectiveagainstavarietyofpostharvest 30diseasesoffruitsandvegetables(WilsonandWisniewski,1989;Fravel,2005). 31Uptonow,thefruitsurfaceisanexcellentsourceofmostyeastandbacterialantagonistagainst 32postharvestfruitdecaypathogens(