汽车变速器的设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译.pdf

本科毕业设计（论文）

英文资料翻译

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指导教师：孙飞豹（副教授）

学科、专业：车辆工程

沈阳理工大学应用技术学院

2011年12月20日

transmissionusedinautomobiles

Astandardtransmissionormanualtransmissionisthe
traditionaltypeoftransmissionusedinautomobiles.Themanualor
standardtransmissionconsistsofaseriesofgears,synchros,
rollerbearings,shaftsandgearselectors.Themainclutchassembly
isusedtoengageanddisengagetheenginefromthetransmission.
Heliacalcutgearsareusedtoselecttheratiodesiredthesector
forkmovegearsfromonetoanotherbyusingthegearshiftknob.
Synchrosareusedtoslowthegeartoastopbeforeitisengaged
toavoidgeargrinding,thecountershaftholdthegearsinplace
andagainstthemaininputandoutputshaft.Astickshift
transmissionhasnotorqueconvertersothereisnoneedfora
transmissioncooler.Astickshifttransmissionneedsasimplefluid
changeforproperservice.(thereisnotransmissionfilterina
stickshifttransmission).

TransmissionShifter

Mostmanualtransmissionshaveonereversegearandfourtosix
forwardgears.Somecarsalsohaveeightforwardgearswhilethirteen
totwenty-fourgearsarepresentinsemitrucks.Todifferentiate
amongtheavailablestandardtransmissions,theyareaddressedby
thenumberofforwardgears.Forexample,ifthestandard
transmissionhasfivegears,itwillbereferredtoas5-speed
standardtransmissionor5-speedstandard.

TypicalStandardTransmissionConfiguration

Insidethetransmissionshaftscontainallforwardandreverse
gears.Mosttransmissionscontainthreeshafts:inputshaft,output
shaftandcounterorlayshaft.Otherthanstandardtransmission,
thereareothertransmissionslikecontinuouslyvariable
transmission,automatictransmissionandsemi-automatic
transmission.Inthemanualtransmission,apairofgearsinsidethe
transmissionselectsthegearratios.Whereas,inanautomatic
transmission,combinationofbrakebandsandclutchpackscontrol
theplanetarygearwhichselectsthegearratio.
Ifthereisaprovisiontoselectagearratiomanuallyin
automatictransmissions,thesystemiscalledasemi-automatic
transmission.Thedrivercanselectfromanyofthegearsatanypoint

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