电气工程及其自动化专业英语翻译.pdf

电气工程及其自动化专业英语翻译

Youngpeopleshouldworkhardandliveagoodlife.
Semiconductorswitchesareveryimportantandcrucialcomponentsin

powerelectronicswitchesaremeanttobethesubstitutionsofthe
mechanicalswitches,buttheyareseverelylimitedbythepropertiesofthe
semiconductormaterialsandprocessofmanufacturing.在电力电子系统,中半导
体开关是非常重要和关键部件;半导体开关将要替换机械开关,但半导体材料的性质和生
产过程严重限制了他们;
Switchinglosses开关损耗
Powerlossesinthepowereletronicconvertersarecomprisedofthe
Switchinglossesandparasiticlosses.电力电子转换器的功率损耗分为开关损耗
和寄生损耗
theparasiticlossesaccountforthelossesduetothewinding
resistancesoftheinductorsandtransformers,thedielectriclossesof
capacitors,theeddyandthehysteresislosses.寄生损失的绕组电感器、变压器
的阻力、介电损耗的电容器,涡流和磁滞损耗
theswitchinglossesaresignificantandcanbemanaged.这个开关损耗是
非常重要的,可以被处理;theycanbefurtherdividedintothreecomponents:athe
on-statelosses,btheoff-statelossesandthelossesinthetransition
states.他们可以分为三个部分:通态损耗,断态损耗和转换过程中产生的损耗;
On-StateLosses通态损耗：
Theelectricalswitchesconductheavycurrentandhavenonzerovoltage
acrosstheswitchintheon-statepowerlossesaregivenbyPon=Usonif.这
个电子开关能导通大电流,并且在通态时有非零的压降;这个通态功率损耗的公式为
Pon=Usonif.
TheUsonandIfarerespectivelytheswitchvoltageintheon-stateand
theforwardcurrentthroughtheexample,thetypicalpowerdiodesandthe
powertransistorshavenearlytolvoltacrossthemintheforward
currentscanbehundredstothousandsofon-statepowerlossesarevery
significant.其中Uson是通态时开关上的压降,if是流过开关的电流;例如,典型的功
率二极管和功率晶体管有近似~1伏的通态压降;而电流会有数百到数千安培;这个通态损
耗非常重要;
Off-StateLosses断态损耗
Theelectricalswitcheswithstandhighvoltagesandhavenonzeroleakage
currentthroughtheswitchintheoff-statepowerlessesaregivenby
Poh=Uoffir在关断状态时,电子开关到经受得起高电压,并会有非零的漏电流;断态损耗
的公式为Poh=Uoffir.
TheUsoffandIrarerespectivelythereversebiasvoltageintheoff-
stateandthereversecurrentthroughtheexample,thetypicalpowerdiodes
andthepowertransistorshavehighreversevoltagesinhundredsto
thousandsofvoltsandmicroampstomilliampsthroughthemintheoffstate.
其中Uoff在断态时的反向偏置电压,ir是流过开关的反向漏电流;例如,典型的功率二极
管和功率晶体管有很高的反向压降几百到几千伏和几微安到几毫安的漏电流;
Transition-StateLosses转换损耗：