同位语从句讲解.ppt

Lookatthesentences.Thephraseandclauseunderlinedareusedasappositive(同位语).一.指出下例句子划线部分是什么句子成份。
1.ThereisgoingtobeaChinesefilmtonight.()
2.SheistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.()2.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,___Iwillalwaystreasure.(NMET2002)A.thatB.oneC.itD.what2.同位语从句theAppositiveclause
(1)同位语从句的定义
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether,what等。e.g.Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.
Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.
Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.⑵同位语从句的表现形式:
①由that引导
Thefactthatyoudon’thaveenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.
Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet.ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.
Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.
Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.②由whether引导
Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.
③由when引导
Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.⑶有时可用namely(即),thatistosay(也就是说),inotherwords(换句话说),thatis(那就是),forexample等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面。Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.
ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topracticemore.
AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.⑷同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们:
①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;
定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。②同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；
定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。③同位语从句主要由连接词that引导,有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导;
定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导。
Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.
Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn?④引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;
引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。
Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.
Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.区别下列句子哪些是同位语从句,哪些是
定语从句。
1.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreepartsisknowntomany.

2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscomin