考研英语阅读理解及翻译.docx

考研英语阅读理解及翻译英译汉部分主要测试考生根据上下文准确理解英语句子并用汉语正确予以表达的能力，下面是小编收集的考研英语阅读理解真题及翻译，一起来练习一下吧!Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions21-25,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Thereisoneextrachoicethatdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Between5,000millionand4,000millionyearsagotheEarthwasformed.By3,000millionyearsagolifehadarisenandwehavefossilsofmicroscopicbacterialikecreaturestoproveit.(21)————.Nobodyknowswhathappened,buttheoristsagreethatthekeywasthespontaneousarisingofselfreplicatingentities,i.e.somethingequivalenttogenesinthegeneralsense.TheatmosphereoftheearlyEarthprobablycontainedgasesstillabundanttodayonotherplanetsinthesolarsystem.Chemistshaveexperimentallyreconstructedtheseancientconditionsinthelaboratory.Ifplausiblegasesaremixedinaflaskwithwater,andenergyisaddedbyanelectricdischarge(simulatedlightning),organicsubstancesarespontaneouslysynthesized.TheseincludethebuildingblocksofRNAandDNA.ItseemsprobablethatsomethinglikethishappenedontheearlyEarth.Consequently,theseawouldhavebecomeasoupofprebiologicalorganiccompounds.(22)————.TodaythemostfamousselfreplicatingmoleculeisDNA(deoxyribonucleicacid),butitiswidelythoughtthatDNAitselfcouldnothavebeenpresentattheoriginoflifebecauseitsreplicationistoodependentonsupportfromspecializedmachinery,whichcouldnothavebeenavailablebeforeevolutionitselfbegan.DNAhasbeendescribedasahightechmoleculewhichprobablyarosesometimeaftertheoriginoflifeitself.PerhapstherelatedmoleculeRNA,whichstillplaysvariousvitalrolesinlivingcells,wastheoriginalselfreplicatingmolecule.Orperhapstheprimordialreplicatorwasadifferentkindofmoleculealtogether.(23)————.Variantsthatwereparticularlygoodatreplicationwouldautomaticallyhavecometopredominateintheprimevalsoup.Varietiesthatdidnotreplicate,orthatdidsoinaccurately,wouldhavebecomerelativelylessnumerous.Thisledtoeverincreasingefficiencyamongreplicatingmolecules.A