职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习8.docx

职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习8职称英语综合类学习资料阅读理解练习8PASSAGE16SleepWeallknowthatthenormalhumandailycycleofsome7-8hours#39;sleepalternatingwithsome16-17hours#39;wakefulnessandthat,broadlyspeaking,thesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.Ourpresentconcerniswinhoweasilyandtowhatextentthiscyclecanbemodified.Thequestionisnomoreacademicone.Thecase,forexample,withwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionofgrowingimportanceindustrywhereautomationcallsinsistentlyforround-the-clockworkingofmachines.Itnormallytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoareversedofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayandworkingatnight.Unfortunatelyitisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12midnightto8a.m.oneweek,8a.m.to4p.m.thenext,and4p.m.to12midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosoonerhashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,sothatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.Oneanswerwouldseemtobelongerperiodsoneachshift,amonth,oreventhreemonths.RecentresearchbyBonjeroftheNetherlands,however,hasshowsthatpeopleonsuchsystemswillreverttotheirnormalhabitsofsleepandwakefulnessduringtheweek-endandthatthisisquiteenoughtodestroyanyadaptationtonightworkbuiltupduringtheweek.Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoacorpsofpermanentnightworkerswhosenocturnalwakefulnessmaypersistthroughallweekendandholidays.Aninterestingstudyofthedomesticlifeandhealthofnight-shiftworkerswascarriedoutbyBrown.Shefoundahighincidenceofdisturbedsleep,digestivedisorderanddomesticdisruptionamongthoseonalternatingdayandnightshifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthesesymptomsamongthoseonpermanentnightwork.1.ThequestionraisedinParagraph1is"nomereacademicone"A)becauseBonjer#39;sfindingsaredifferentfromBrowns.B)becausesleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.C)becausesomepeoplecanchangetheirsleepinghabitseasily.D)becauseshiftworkinindustryrequirespeopletochangethesleepinghabits.2.Accordingtothepassage,themainproblemaboutnightworkisthatA)people