高中英语晨读英语美文60篇14EnglishLearning素材.doc

EnglishLearningEnglishlanguagelearningisahabit-formingprocess.ProficiencyandtheunderstandingofthestructureoftheEnglishlanguage,isattainedbystudyingthetheory.ButtheproficiencyandtheuseofEnglishcanonlycomeasaresultofperfectlyformedhabits.NoEnglishword,formorcombinationoftheseis“known”or“mastered”untilweuseitautomatically,untilwecanattachittoitsmeaningwithoutconsciousanalysis.WecanhearEnglishaspronouncedatanormalspeedbynativespeaker,ifweunderstandasentenceasitfallsfromhislips,ifweunderstanditwithoutbeingconsciousofitsformorwithoutevenrealizing,thatwearelisteningtotheEnglishlanguage,we“possess”thatsentence!Thesentenceformspartofthematerial,whichwehavegainedastheresultofahabit----Ourunderstandingofitis“automatic”.Wewishtospeak,iftheEnglishsentencespringstoourlips,assoonaswehaveformulatedthethought,ifweareunconsciousofthewordsortheformofthewordscontainedinit,ifweareunawareofthemannerinwhichwehavepiecedittogether,itiscertainthatwe’veproduceditautomatically.Wehaveproduceditastheresultofaperfectlyformedhabit.If,ontheotherhand,wepreparethesentenceinadvance;if,asweutterit,weconsciouslychoosethewordsortheformofthewordscontainedinit;ifwebuiltitupbyconscioussynthesisorbyarapidtranslationfromanequivalentsentenceofournativetongue,wedonotproduceitautomatically.Wehavenotformedthehabitofthesentenceorthetypeofthesentencetowhichitbelongs.Weareproducingitbymeansofconsciouscalculation.Studentsingeneraldislikeformingnewhabitsandavoidsuchworkasfaraspossible.Onereasonforthisisthathabitformingoftenentailsmonotonouswork.Anotherreasonisthattheformingofahabitandprogressisnotatonceapparent.Weknow,however,thatinreality,whatwehavelearntastheresultofahabitisnotonlyavailableatalltimes,butisalsoapermanentacquisition.Thefearofmonotonousandtediousmemorizingwork,therealizationofthelengthoftimenecessaryforeachactofmemorizinginducesthestudenttoinventpretextsforavoidingsuchwork.Hedeclaresthat“parrot-work”isnoteducation,thatmoderneducationalistscondemn“learningbyrote”,thattheageofblindrepetitionisover,andtha