吉林省松花江干流化学需要量(COD)和氨氮环境容量特征.pdf

吉林省松花江干流化学需要量(COD)和氨氮环境容量特征沈万斌;朱晓娟;高凯;刘景帅【摘要】我国“十二五”期间实施水污染物总量控制的指标是化学需要量(COD)和氨氮.采用河流一维稳态模型,分水期、分区段对吉林省松花江干流COD和氨氮环境容量进行核算.结果表明:吉林省松花江干流COD和氨氮环境容量分别为631833.0t/a和26469.3t/a,水环境容量较大,其中丰水期分别为3127.1t/a和133.7t/a,平水期分别为1250.6t/a和52.8L/a,枯水期分别为807.8t/a和30.7t/a,均具有丰水期＞平水期＞枯水期的特点；吉林市段、长春市段和松原市段COD环境容量分别为220209.6t/a、296615.7t/a和115007.8t/a,具有中游段(长春市段)＞上游段(吉林市段)＞下游段(松原市段)的特点；氨氮分别为11848.2t/a、10683.0t/a和3938.1t/a,具有上游段＞中游段＞下游段的特点；各区段剩余环境容量均较小,其中长春市段丰水期氨氮剩余环境容量为负值,需削减该段的氨氮入河量.应科学合理利用水环境容量,促进吉林省社会经济和水环境的协调发展.%Chemicaloxygendemand(COD)andammonianitrogen(NH3-N)aretheonlytwopollutantsfortotalamountcontrolimplementedduringtheChina'sTwelfthFive-YearPlanperiod.One-dimensionalsteady-statemodelwasadoptedtocalculatethewaterenvironmentcapacityatdifferentwaterperiodsanddifferentsectionsinthemainstreamofSonghuaRiverinJilinProvince.ResultsfromcalculationshavemadeclearthattheCODandNH3-NwaterenvironmentcapacityinthemainstreamofSonghuaRiverinJilinProvincewere631833.0t/aand26469.3t/a,respectively,andthattheCODandNH3-Nwaterenvironmentcapacitywere3127.1t/dand133.7t/dinhighwaterperiod,1250.6t/dand52.8t/dinnormalflowperiod,and807.8t/dand30.7t/dinlowwaterperiod,respectively,bothshowingthecharacteristicsofhighwaterperiod＞normalflowperiod＞lowwaterperiod.ThewaterenvironmentcapacityinJilincitysection,ChangchuncitysectionandSongyuancitysectionforCODwere220209.6t/a,296615.7t/aand115007.8t/a,respectively,showingthecharacteristicsofmidstream(Changchuncitysection)＞upstream(Jilincitysection)＞downstream(Songyuancitysection);andforNH3-Nwere11848.2t/a、10683.0t/aand3938.1t/a,respectively,showingthecharacteristicsofupstream＞midstream＞downstream.Theresidualenvironmentcapacityofallthethreesectionswererelativelysmall,andinparticular,theNH3-NresidualwaterenvironmentcapacityofChangchuncitysectioninhighwaterperiodwaslessthanzero,implyingthattheamountofNH3-Ndischargedintothissectionshouldbecutdown.WaterenvironmentcapacityshouldbeusedscientificallytopromotetheharmoniousdevelopmentofsocialeconomyandwaterenvironmentinJilinPro