法律常用术语分类中英对照.doc

法律常用术语【（一）、法令】rule条例law法律criminallaw刑法interpret解释（法律）thelegislature立法机构thelegalsystem/thejudicialsystem/courtsystem法律体系【(二)、主体】thejudge法官thelawyer律师（总称）thejury陪审团thejuror陪审团成员theprosecutor（刑事案件）原告人；检察官，公诉人；theplaintiff(民事案件)原告人theinjuredparty/victim被害人witness/eyewitness见证人，目击者theprosecution原告及其代理律师；代表原告的律师theaccused/defendant被告人thedefenselawyer/counselor被告辩护律师【（三）、违法】【案件种类】case案件crime-criminaladj.acriminalcase刑事案件acivilcase民事案件【行为/罪名--criminalbehavior】guiltn.[Antonym]innocenceguiltyadj.[Antonym]innocentguiltyofacrime/chargeinnocentofacrime/chargecommitacrimeviolateacriminallawmurder谋杀罪first-degreemurder(deliberately)一级谋杀罪；故意杀人罪manslaughter(notintentionally)一般杀人罪；过失杀人罪forgery伪造罪sexualharassment性骚扰malfeasance渎职罪criminal:n.罪犯aconvictedcriminal：onewhohasbeenjudgedguiltyinacourtoflawahardenedcriminal：someonewhohascommittedmanycrimesstabv.用刀具行凶，捅，刺tokillorhurtsomeonebypushingaknifeorothersharpobjectintotheirbodystabsomeonetodeath刺死flickknife/switchblade/knife弹簧刀mugv.=rob抢劫toattacksomeoneinapublicplaceandstealtheirmoney,jewellery,orotherpossessions【（四）、程序】【逮捕】arrestpickup：toarrestsomeoneandtakethemawayinacar【调查】investigationconductacriminalinvestigationintocriminalproceedings：theprocessofexaminingacrimeinacourtoflawcross-examination【诉讼】findsomeoneguilty/notguiltyofsomething:officiallydecidethattheyareguilty/notguiltytobechargedwith/tobeaccusedoftoaccusesb.ofcertaincrimechargev.tochargesb.withcertaincrimebechargedwith(doing)sthe.g.Theyarethejuryforthetrialofaboychargedwithmurderinghisfather.prosecute-prosecutionn.toprosecutesb.forsth.faceprosecutionovertobringaprosecutionagainstsb.对…提起诉讼escapeprosecutioncriminalcharges：officialstatementssayingthatsbisaccusedbythepoliceofcommittingacrimeclaimv.tosaythatsomeone’sactionsarethecauseofsomething【法庭种类】acriminalcourt刑事法庭,e.g.Thesceneisajuryroominacriminalcourt.acivilcourt民事法庭children’scourt少年法庭TheSupremeCourt最高法院【监督】supervise监督【作证】totestifyv.作证tomakeastatementaboutsomethingyousaw,know,ore