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《大学》(中英文)TheGreatLearningByConfuciusWrittenca.500B.C。E总纲(右经一章,盖孔子之言,而曾子述之;其传十章,则曾子之意,而门人记之也.旧本颇有错简,今因程子所定,而更考经文,别为序次如左。)(凡传十章:前四章统论纲领指趣;後六章细论条目工夫。其第五章乃明善之要。第六章乃诚身之本,在初学;尤为当务之急。读者不可以其近而忽之也)『1』大学之道在明明德,在亲民,在止於至善。Whatthegreatlearningteaches,istoillustrateillustriousvirtue;torenovatethepeople;andtorestinthehighestexcellence。『2』知止而後有定;定而後能静;静而後能安;安而後能虑;虑而後能得。Thepointwheretorestbeingknown,theobjectofpursuitisthendetermined;and,thatbeingdetermined,acalmunperturbednessmaybeattainedto。Tothatcalmnesstherewillsucceedatranquilrepose。Inthatreposetheremaybecarefuldeliberation,andthatdeliberationwillbefollowedbytheattainmentofthedesiredend。『3』物有本末;事有终始。知所先後则近道矣.Thingshavetheirrootandtheirbranches.Affairshavetheirendandtheirbeginning。ToknowwhatisfirstandwhatislastwillleadneartowhatistaughtintheGreatLearning.『4』古之欲明明德於天下者先治其国。欲治其国者先齐其家.欲齐其家者先修其身。欲修其身者先正其心.欲正其心者先诚其意。欲诚其意者先致其知.致知在格物.Theancientswhowishedtoillustrateillustriousvirtuethroughoutthekingdom,firstorderedwelltheirownstates。Wishingtoorderwelltheirstates,theyfirstregulatedtheirfamilies。Wishingtoregulatetheirfamilies,theyfirstcultivatedtheirpersons.Wishingtocultivatetheirpersons,theyfirstrectifiedtheirhearts.Wishingtorectifytheirhearts,theyfirstsoughttobesincereintheirthoughts.Wishingtobesincereintheirthoughts,theyfirstextendedtotheutmosttheirknowledge。Suchextensionofknowledgelayintheinvestigationofthings.『5』物格而後知至。知至而後意诚。意诚而後心正.心正而後身修。身修而後家齐。家齐而後国治。国治而後天下平。Thingsbeinginvestigated,knowledgebecamecomplete.Theirknowledgebeingcomplete,theirthoughtsweresincere。Theirthoughtsbeingsincere,theirheartswerethenrectified.Theirheartsbeingrectified,theirpersonswerecultivated。Theirpersonsbeingcultivated,theirfamilieswereregulated.Theirfamiliesbeingregulated,theirstateswererightlygoverned。Theirstatesbeingrightlygoverned,thewholekingdomwasmadetranquilandhappy.『6』自天子以至於庶人台是皆以修身为本.FromtheSonofHeavendowntothemassofthepeople,allmustconsiderthecultivationofthepersontherootofeverythingbesides。『7』其本乱而末治者,否矣。其所厚者薄而其所薄者厚,未之有也.Itcannotbe,whentherootisneg