大学中英文对照.doc

《大学》（中英文)TheＧrｅａtLeａｒｎｉngBｙＣｏｎfuciｕsWrｉtｔeｎｃa.５00B．C。E总纲(右经一章，盖孔子之言，而曾子述之;其传十章，则曾子之意，而门人记之也.旧本颇有错简，今因程子所定,而更考经文，别为序次如左。)(凡传十章:前四章统论纲领指趣;後六章细论条目工夫。其第五章乃明善之要。第六章乃诚身之本，在初学;尤为当务之急。读者不可以其近而忽之也)『1』大学之道在明明德,在亲民,在止於至善。Ｗｈａｔtｈｅgrｅatleａｒninｇteaｃhes，ｉstｏｉlluｓｔｒａtｅiｌlｕstrｉouｓvirｔue;toｒenoｖatetheｐｅopｌe；anｄtoｒestinｔhehighｅstexcellｅｎcｅ。『2』知止而後有定;定而後能静；静而後能安;安而後能虑；虑而後能得。Thepointwｈeretoｒｅｓtbeingknown,theｏbｊectofpurｓｕiｔｉstheｎdeｔeｒｍiｎｅd;ａｎd，thatｂｅinｇdeteｒmｉned,ａcalmuｎｐｅｒｔuｒbednｅｓsｍaｙbeａttａiｎｅdｔｏ。Toｔhａｔcalmｎeｓｓｔherｅｗiｌlｓｕccｅedａtｒanquilｒｅpose。Ｉｎｔｈaｔrepoｓｅtheｒｅmａyｂecarｅｆuldｅlｉbｅratioｎ,anｄtｈaｔdeｌｉbｅraｔionwillｂｅfolloｗedｂｙtheattainｍenｔofthedesiｒｅｄeｎｄ。『3』物有本末;事有终始。知所先後则近道矣.Ｔhｉnｇshavetheｉrrｏotanｄｔhｅiｒbｒaｎchｅs．Aｆｆａｉrsｈaveｔheirendａｎｄtheirbｅgｉnｎinｇ。TｏkｎoｗwhaｔisfｉｒｓtandwhatislastｗiｌllｅadneartｏwｈatiｓtａｕghtiｎｔheGｒeatLｅaｒniｎg．『4』古之欲明明德於天下者先治其国。欲治其国者先齐其家.欲齐其家者先修其身。欲修其身者先正其心．欲正其心者先诚其意。欲诚其意者先致其知.致知在格物.Ｔｈeａｎｃieｎtsｗｈｏwisheｄｔｏｉlluｓtrateiｌlｕstriousviｒｔueｔhroｕghｏutthekingdom,fｉrstorｄeｒedwellｔheｉｒｏｗnstａtｅｓ。Wishｉｎｇtoｏｒdeｒweｌlｔheirstates,ｔheyｆｉｒｓtreｇulaｔeｄtｈeiｒfamｉliｅｓ。Wｉshｉｎｇtｏreｇuｌatｅtｈeｉrｆamiｌieｓ,theyfｉｒｓｔｃultiｖateｄｔheｉrpersｏns.Ｗｉｓhiｎｇｔocuｌｔｉｖaｔethｅｉrｐｅｒsonｓ,thｅyfｉｒstｒeｃｔifｉedｔheirheａｒts．Ｗiｓｈinｇtoｒeｃtｉfyｔhｅirｈｅarts,ｔheｙfirstｓｏｕghｔtoｂｅsｉncereｉntｈeｉｒthougｈｔs．Wiｓｈｉnｇtｏｂesincereｉｎtｈｅirｔｈｏｕｇhts,tｈeyfｉｒsｔeｘｔｅnｄｅdtotｈeutmoｓttｈeiｒｋnoｗｌｅｄge。Suchextｅｎｓionofknoｗｌedgｅlayｉｎthｅｉnvｅsｔigationoｆthｉngs．『5』物格而後知至。知至而後意诚。意诚而後心正.心正而後身修。身修而後家齐。家齐而後国治。国治而後天下平。Tｈingsbeｉnginvesｔiｇａted，knｏｗledgｅbecａｍeｃoｍｐlete.Theiｒknowlｅｄgｅbeingcｏmｐlete,ｔheirｔhoｕghｔｓweresｉｎｃｅrｅ。Theirthoughtｓbｅｉngsincere，theirheａｒtsweｒetｈeｎreｃtｉｆｉed．Theiｒｈearｔsbeiｎgrecｔiｆｉｅd,tｈeｉｒｐersoｎsweｒecuｌtivaｔｅd。Theｉrpersonsｂｅingcｕlｔivａｔｅd,ｔheｉrｆamilｉｅswｅrｅregｕlａteｄ.Ｔheirfamiｌiesbeiｎgrｅgulaｔeｄ,tｈｅiｒｓｔａteｓｗererｉghtlyｇoveｒｎed。Theirｓtateｓｂeingｒiｇhtlｙgoｖerneｄ,tｈｅｗhｏｌekiｎｇdomwａｓｍadeｔrａｎｑuilandhaｐpy．『6』自天子以至於庶人台是皆以修身为本．FrｏｍtheSｏｎofＨeaveｎdownｔothemａssofｔｈeｐeｏple,aｌlmusｔcｏnｓｉｄertｈeｃuｌtivatiｏnｏftｈｅpersontｈｅｒｏotｏfevｅrythｉnｇｂesiｄeｓ。『7』其本乱而末治者,否矣。其所厚者薄而其所薄者厚,未之有也.Itcaｎnoｔbe,whｅnｔｈｅｒootｉsneg