高考英语语法复习 定语从句课件.ppt

定语从句（一）定义及相关术语关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas等关系副词有:whenwherewhy关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.2.whom指人在定语从句中做宾语常可省略。Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.注意：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替也可省略。3.which指物在定语从句中做主语或宾语做宾语时常可省略。Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.4．that指人时相当于who或whom；指物时相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语作宾语时常可省略。Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.5.whose通常指人也可指物在定语从句中做定语。Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookforlookaftertakecareof等。ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.２.若介词放在关系代词前关系代词指人时只可用whom不可用whothat；关系代词指物时只可用which不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.３.“介词+关系代词”前还可有someanynoneallbothneithermanymosteachfew等代词或者数词。Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapplessomeofwhichhavegonebad.Uptonowhehaswrittentenstoriesthreeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.（四）关系副词引导的定语从句October11949wasthedaywhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.2.where指地点在定语从句中作地点状语。Isthistheplacewheretheyfoughttheenemy?Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明如删除主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语“．．．的”通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上A．作宾语时可省略B．不可省略A．可用thatB．不用thatA．可用who代替whomB．不可用who代替whomGreatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIco