高考英语 阅读理解备考策略阅读理解之词义猜测题课件.ppt

阅读理解之词义猜测题以例说法阅读中有生词是难免的而利用文章所提供的语境去推测生词的意义是阅读的必备技能之一。词义猜测题是高考必考的题型一般占阅读理解总题量的10%左右。所猜词汇可以是生词也可以是熟词新义还可以是人称代词的指代内容。常见的命题方式：Thephrase“...”couldbereplacedby________.Theword“...”intheparagraphrefersto________.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph？/Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“...”？Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword“...”？词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。(2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子利用它们猜词义较容易。(3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来如butorhoweversobecause等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思不仅可以扩大词汇量而且帮助我们猜测词义。(2011·浙江高考A篇)OneeveninginFebruary2007astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That'swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslatershewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely'smadethenewsbecausesheblameditonherGPSdevice(导航仪).Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPSbutitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain”shetoldtheBBC.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevensonwhotellsCeely'sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUspointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldeviceshesaysbutourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit'snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephonestowirelesskey­boards.