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高中英语写作中的语用负迁移及其应对策略.docx

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高中英语写作中的语用负迁移及其应对策略 Title:PragmaticNegativeTransferinHighSchoolEnglishWritingandItsCopingStrategies Introduction: Languagelearnersoftenfacechallengesinacquiringasecondlanguage,andonecommondifficultyisnegativetransfer,particularlyinwriting.Negativetransferreferstotheinfluenceoflearners'nativelanguageontheirtargetlanguage,leadingtoerrorsorinappropriatelanguageuse.InhighschoolEnglishwriting,pragmaticnegativetransferoftenoccurs,wherelearners'firstlanguageculturalandsocialnormshindertheappropriateuseofEnglishpragmatics.ThispaperaimstoexplorethenatureofpragmaticnegativetransferinhighschoolEnglishwritingandproposeeffectivecopingstrategiestoaddressthisissue. 1.NatureofPragmaticNegativeTransfer: 1.1Cross-culturalDifferences:Differentcultureshavedistinctcommunicationstyles,whichaffectpragmaticaspectssuchaspoliteness,indirectness,andassumptionsofpriorknowledge.Learnersmayunintentionallytransfertheirfirstlanguage'scommunicationnormsintoEnglishwriting,resultingininappropriatelanguageuse. 1.2SociolinguisticFactors:Socialfactorslikeage,gender,andsocialstatusinfluencepragmatics.Highschoolstudentsarestilldevelopingtheirunderstandingofsocialcontexts,leadingtopotentialdifficultiesintheproperuseofpragmaticsintheirEnglishwriting. 2.ManifestationsofPragmaticNegativeTransfer: 2.1PolitenessStrategies:Englishandvariousnativelanguageshavedifferentpolitenessstrategies.Directtranslationsofnativelanguages'politenessmarkersmayleadtoimpolitenessorexcessivepolitenessinEnglishwriting. 2.2RequestingandRefusing:Culture-specificlanguageformulasformakingrequestsorrefusingmaynotalignwithEnglishpragmaticconventions.LearnersmaystrugglewithexpressingpolitenessandclarityinEnglish. 2.3IdiomsandMetaphors:NativelanguageidiomsandmetaphorsmaynothaveequivalentformsinEnglish.Directtranslationormisuseofidiomsandmetaphorscanleadtoconfusionormiscommunicatetheintendedmeaning. 3.CopingStrategies: 3.1RaisingAwareness:Teachersshouldhelplearnersrecognizetheexistenceofpragmaticnegativetransferasaspecificissuewithinhighscho