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巯基乙酸制备方法的改进 Title:AdvancementsinthePreparationofThioglycolicAcid Abstract: Thioglycolicacid(TGA),alsoknownasmercaptoaceticacid,isakeycompoundthatfindsapplicationsinvariousindustries,includingcosmetics,pharmaceuticals,andchemicalsynthesis.TheconventionalmethodsusedforthesynthesisofTGAinvolvehazardousreagentsandconditions,makingitimperativetofindalternativeapproachesthataremoresustainableandeconomical.ThispaperdiscussesrecentadvancementsinthepreparationofTGA,highlightingimprovedmethodologiesthatfocusonefficiency,cost-effectiveness,andenvironmentalfriendliness. Introduction: Thioglycolicacid(TGA)isasulfur-containingorganiccompoundwiththechemicalformulaHSCH₂COOH.Itiscommonlyusedinvariousindustrialapplications,suchashairstraighteningproducts,textilemanufacturing,andasaprecursorinthesynthesisofdrugsandspecialtychemicals.ThetraditionalmethodsforthepreparationofTGAinvolvethereactionofchloroaceticacidwithhydrogensulfideunderalkalineconditions.However,thesemethodshaveseveraldrawbacks,includingtheuseofhazardousreagentsandthegenerationoftoxicbyproducts. AdvancementsinTGASynthesis: 1.CatalyticHydrogenationMethod: OneofthesignificantadvancementsinTGAsynthesisinvolvestheuseofcatalytichydrogenation.Thismethodinvolvesthereactionofglycolicacidwithhydrogensulfideundermildreactionconditionsinthepresenceofasuitablecatalyst,suchasPd/CorRaneyNickel.Theadvantageofthismethodliesintheuseofnon-toxicreagentsandmilderreactionconditions,resultinginimprovedyieldandreducedenvironmentalimpact.Additionally,thecatalytichydrogenationmethodoffersbetterselectivityforTGAcomparedtootherbyproducts,leadingtoahigherpurityofthefinalproduct. 2.EnzymaticConversion: AnotherpromisingapproachforTGAsynthesisistheuseofenzymaticconversion.Severalenzymes,suchascysteinedesulfhydraseandthiolase,havebeenexploredforthispurpose.Theseenzymescatalyzetheconversionofglycolicacidandasulfur-containingdonor,suchasathiolorhydrogensulfide,toproduceTGA.Enzymaticmethodshavetheadvantageofoperatingundermildreactionconditionsandarehighl