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驱动桥和差速器外文文献翻译.docx

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JGHardt，DWShea Driveaxle/differential Allvehicleshavesometypeofdriveaxle/differentialassemblyincorporatedintothedriveline.Whetheritisfront,rearorfourwheeldrive,differentialsarenecessaryforthesmoothapplicationofenginepowertotheroad. Powerflow Thedriveaxlemusttransmitpowerthrougha90°angle.Theflowofpowerinconventionalfrontengine/rearwheeldrivevehiclesmovesfromtheenginetothedriveaxleinapproximatelyastraightline.However,atthedriveaxle,thepowermustbeturnedatrightangles(fromthelineofthedriveshaft)anddirectedtothedrivewheels. Thisisaccomplishedbyapiniondrivegear,whichturnsacircularringgear.Theringgearisattachedtoadifferentialhousing,containingasetofsmallergearsthataresplinedtotheinnerendofeachaxleshaft.Asthehousingisrotated,theinternaldifferentialgearsturntheaxleshafts,whicharealsoattachedtothedrivewheels. Fig1Driveaxle Rear-wheeldrive Rear-wheel-drivevehiclesaremostlytrucks,verylargesedansandmanysportscarandcoupemodels.Thetypicalrearwheeldrivevehicleusesafrontmountedengineandtransmissionassemblieswithadriveshaftcouplingthetransmissiontothereardriveaxle.Driveinthroughthelayoutofthebridge,thebridgedriveshaftarrangedverticallyinthesameverticalplane,andnotthedriveaxleshaft,respectively,intheirownsub-actuatorwithadirectconnection,buttheactuatorislocatedatthefrontorthebackoftheadjacentshaft ofthetwobridgesisarrangedinseries.Vehiclebeforeandafterthetwoendsofthedrivingforceofthedriveaxle,isthesub-actuatorandthetransmissionthroughthemiddleofthebridge.Theadvantageisnotonlyareductionofthenumberofdriveshaft,andraisethedrivingaxleofthecommonpartsofeachother,andtosimplifythestructure,reducesthevolumeandquality. Fig2Rear-wheel-driveaxle Somevehiclesdonotfollowthistypicalexample.SuchastheolderPorscheorVolkswagenvehicleswhichwererearengine,reardrive.Thesevehiclesusearearmountedtransaxlewithhalfshaftsconnectedtothedrivewheels.Also,somevehicleswereproducedwithafrontengine,reartransaxlesetupwithadriveshaftconnectingtheenginetothetransaxle,andhalfshaftslinkingthetransaxletothedrivewhe