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1种N-甲基甲酰胺合成工艺研究 Abstract ThesynthesisofN-methylformamide(NMF)isanimportantindustrialprocessthatinvolvesthereactionofmethanolandformamide.ThisresearchpaperfocusesontheoptimizationandimprovementofthesynthesisprocessofNMF.ThestudyaimstoidentifythefactorsthataffecttheyieldandselectivityofNMF,aswellastoproposepossiblesolutionstoenhancetheefficiencyofthereaction. Introduction N-methylformamide(NMF)isakeyintermediateintheproductionofnumerouschemicalproducts,suchassolvents,pharmaceuticals,pesticides,dyes,andflavors.TheconventionalmethodforsynthesizingNMFinvolvesthereactionofmethanolwithformamide,catalyzedbyacidicorbasicagents.Thisprocesshasbeenintensivelystudied,andvariousmodificationshavebeenproposedtoenhancetheyield,purity,andselectivityofNMF. Methodology Inthisstudy,wehaveconductedaseriesofexperimentstoinvestigatetheeffectofdifferentparametersonthesynthesisofNMF,suchasthereactiontime,temperature,methanol/formamideratio,catalysttypeandconcentration,azeotropeformation,andbyproductsformation.TheyieldandselectivityofNMFweredeterminedbygaschromatography-massspectrometry(GC-MS)andFouriertransforminfrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy. Results OurresultsshowedthattheoptimalconditionsforNMFsynthesiswereachievedatamethanol/formamideratioof4:1,areactiontemperatureof100°C,andareactiontimeof2hours.Theuseofsolidacidcatalysts,suchasH-ZSM-5andH-BEA,significantlyincreasedtheyieldandselectivityofNMF,comparedtothetraditionalsulfuricacidcatalyst.Thepresenceofazeotrope-formingagents,suchastolueneandbenzene,alsoimprovedtheconversionofformamidetoNMF.However,theformationofN-methylolformamide(NMFOH)andformicacid(FA)asbyproductshinderedtheefficiencyofthereaction,andthereforetheirremovalorconversionisrequired. Discussion OurstudyrevealedthatthechoiceofcatalystisacrucialfactorindeterminingtheyieldandselectivityofNMF.Solidacidcatalystsoffertheadvantageofrecyclabilityandhigheractivity,comparedtoliquidacidcatalysts,whichcanleadtoenvironmentalhazardsandproductqualityissues.Inaddition,theuseofazeotrope-formingage