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基于改进粒子群算法的宽带测向阵列结构优化.docx

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基于改进粒子群算法的宽带测向阵列结构优化 Introduction Directionfindingisanimportanttopicinwirelesscommunicationandsignalprocessing.Widebanddirectionfindingusinganarrayofsensorsisapopulartechniqueforestimatingthedirectionofanincomingsignal.Inthispaper,weproposeanenhancedparticleswarmoptimization(PSO)algorithmtooptimizethestructureofawidebanddirectionfindingarray. Background Awidebanddirectionfindingarrayconsistsofmultiplesensorsthatareusedtoestimatethedirectionofanincomingsignal.Theperformanceofthearrayisdeterminedbyitsphysicalstructure,i.e.,thelocationsofthesensorsandtheirinter-elementspacing.Thegoalofoptimizationistofindtheoptimalstructurethatprovidesthebestdirectionestimationaccuracy. PSOisapopularoptimizationtechniquethatiswidelyusedinmanyareas.Itisaheuristicsearchalgorithmthatmimicsthebehaviorofaswarmofbirdsorinsects.InPSO,apopulationofparticlesmovesinthesolutionspacetowardstheoptimalsolution.Eachparticlerepresentsapotentialsolutionandhasafitnessvalueassociatedwithit.Thefitnessvalueisameasureofhowclosethesolutionistotheoptimalsolution.Theparticlesmovetowardsthebestsolutionfoundsofarandadjusttheirpositionbasedontheirindividualexperienceandtheexperienceoftheswarm. Problemstatement Theproblemweconsiderinthispaperistooptimizethestructureofawidebanddirectionfindingarray.Theoptimizationproblemcanbeformulatedasfollows: minimizeJ(x) subjectto: x_i∈[0,L],i=1,2,…,N x_i-x_j≥d_min,i≠j x_i<x_{i+1},i=1,2,…,N-1 whereJ(x)isthecostfunctiontobeminimized,x_iisthelocationofthei-thsensor,Listhelengthofthearray,Nisthenumberofsensors,andd_ministheminimuminter-elementspacing.Thefirstconstraintensuresthatthesensorsarelocatedwithinthearraylength,thesecondconstraintensuresthattheinter-elementspacingisgreaterthantheminimumvalue,andthethirdconstraintensuresthatthesensorsareorderedinthearray. Methodology WeproposeanenhancedPSOalgorithmtosolvetheoptimizationproblem.TheenhancedPSOalgorithmincorporatesastochasticoperatortoimprovetheexplorationabilityofthealgorithm.Thealgorithmworksasfollows: 1.Initializethepopulat