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酸土脂环酸芽孢杆菌危害及其控制研究进展.docx

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酸土脂环酸芽孢杆菌危害及其控制研究进展 Title:ResearchProgressontheHarmandControlofAcidovoraxcitrulli,thePathogenCausingBacterialFruitBlotch Abstract: Acidovoraxcitrulli,anacid-tolerantandphytopathogenicbacterium,isthecausativeagentofbacterialfruitblotch(BFB)disease.Thisdiseaseaffectsawiderangeofcucurbitcrops,resultinginsignificanteconomiclossesforfarmersworldwide.ThispaperreviewsthecurrentresearchprogressontheharmandcontrolstrategiesofA.citrulli.Theunderstandingofdiseasedevelopment,pathogencharacteristics,anddetectionmethodsisdiscussed,followedbyacomprehensiveoverviewofvariouscontrolstrategies,includingcultural,biological,andchemicalapproaches.ThechallengesfacedbyresearchersandpotentialfuturedirectionsforeffectivecontrolofA.citrulliarealsohighlighted. 1.Introduction Bacterialfruitblotch(BFB)isadevastatingdiseaseaffectingcucurbitcropsworldwide.ItiscausedbythebacteriumAcidovoraxcitrulli,whichprimarilyaffectswatermelon,cantaloupe,cucumber,andothercucurbitspecies.TheeconomiclossescausedbyBFBhavepromptedextensiveresearcheffortstounderstandthepathogen,itscharacteristics,andeffectivecontrolmethods. 2.DiseaseDevelopmentandPathogenCharacteristics 2.1DiseaseCycle ThediseasecycleofA.citrulliinvolvesvarioussteps,includinginfection,colonization,anddissemination.Thebacteriumprimarilyenterstheplantthroughnaturalopeningslikestomata,wounds,orhydathodes.Itthencolonizestheintercellularspacesandvascularsystem,leadingtosystemicinfection.Disseminationcanoccurthroughwater,insects,tools,andinfectedplantdebris. 2.2PathogenCharacteristics A.citrulliisaGram-negative,rod-shapedbacteriumthatexhibitshighlevelsofacidtolerance,allowingittosurviveandthriveinawiderangeofenvironments.Thepathogenalsoproducesextracellularpolysaccharides(EPS),whichplayasignificantroleinbiofilmformation,facilitatingcolonizationinthehostplants.Understandingthesecharacteristicsisvitalfordevelopingeffectivecontrolstrategies. 3.DetectionandDiagnosis EarlyandaccuratedetectionofA.citrulliiscrucialfordiseasemanagement.Severallaboratory-basedandfi