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汽轮机出现异常振动原因分析与探讨.docx

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汽轮机出现异常振动原因分析与探讨 Abstract Theoccurrenceofabnormalvibrationsinsteamturbinesisamajorconcerninthepowergenerationindustry.Thesevibrationsareknowntocausedamagetotheturbineandtheattachedequipment,andcan,inseverecases,leadtotheshutdownoftheentirepowerplant.Therefore,it'simportanttoinvestigatetherootcausesofthesevibrationsanddevelopeffectivemeasurestopreventthem.Thispaperaimstoanalyzeanddiscussthereasonsbehindtheoccurrenceofabnormalvibrationsinsteamturbines. Introduction Steamturbinesarewidelyusedinpowerplantstoconvertthermalenergyintoelectricalenergy.Thesmoothandefficientoperationofsteamturbinesisvitalforthesmoothfunctioningoftheentirepowerplant.However,theoccurrenceofabnormalvibrationsintheseturbinesisamajorchallengefacedbypowerplantoperators.Thesevibrationscancausedamagetotheturbineandotherattachedequipment,andcanleadtotheshutdownoftheentireplant. Causesofabnormalvibrationsinsteamturbines 1.Mechanicalimbalances Mechanicalimbalancesinsteamturbinesareacommoncauseofabnormalvibrations.Theseimbalancescanbecausedbywornbearings,misalignments,orunbalancedrotors.Theunevendistributionofmassandforceintheturbinecancauseaharmonicresponseinthesystem,leadingtovibrations. 2.Resonance Resonanceoccurswhenthenaturalfrequencyofthesystemmatchesthefrequencyoftheexcitationforce.Thevibrationscausedbyresonancecanbesevereandcanleadtodamageoftheturbineandotherattachedequipment.Resonancecanbecausedbyamisalignmentofshafts,hollowshafts,andinadequatestiffnessofcomponents. 3.Flowdisturbances Flowdisturbancesinthesteampathcancauseabnormalvibrationsinsteamturbines.Thesedisturbancescanbecausedbyavarietyoffactors,includingmisalignments,wornblades,orforeignobjectsinthesteampath.Thesedisturbancescancauseaturbulentflowofsteam,whichcancausevibrationsintheturbine. 4.Electricalinterference Electricalinterferenceinthecontrolsystemcancauseabnormalvibrationsinsteamturbines.Itcanbecausedbyelectricalnoisefromadjacentequipmentorfaultyinstrumentation.Theelectricalinterferencecancausefluctuationsinthecontrolsignals,whic