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基于语料库的大学英语写作中隐喻使用的研究.docx

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基于语料库的大学英语写作中隐喻使用的研究 摘要 隐喻是英语写作中常用的修辞手段之一。本文通过对语料库数据的分析，探讨了大学英语写作中隐喻使用的情况，发现学生在写作中运用隐喻的能力还需加强。文章进一步提出了如何培养学生的隐喻意识和运用能力的建议。 关键词：隐喻；大学英语写作；语料库 Introduction MetaphorisafrequentlyusedrhetoricaldeviceinEnglishwriting.Ithelpstoexpresscomplexideasandemotionsinamorevividandcompellingway.Asoneofthefourrhetoricaldevices,itworkstorepresentonethingbyanotherthingthatisnotliterallyapplicable.However,usingmetaphorproperlyandeffectivelyischallengingforEFL(EnglishasaForeignLanguage)studentsbecauseofthelackoflanguageproficiencyandculturalbackground.Thisstudyaimstoexploretheuseofmetaphorinuniversity-levelEnglishwriting,identifycommontypesofmetaphor,andputforwardsomesuggestionsforteaching. DataCollection ThisstudyisbasedonacorpusofstudentessayscollectedfromauniversityEnglishwritingcourse.Werandomlyselected100essaysfromthecorpus,andmanuallyidentifiedandclassifiedmetaphoricalexpressionsaccordingtotheirsourcedomainsandtargetdomains. AnalysisandDiscussion Inourdata,wefoundthatstudentstendtousemoreconventionalorliteralmetaphorsratherthancreativeones.Forexample,“lifeisajourney”,“waronpoverty”and“amindisablankcanvas”aresomeofthemostfrequentlyusedmetaphorsinourcorpus.Studentsalsotendtousemoreabstractconceptsassourcedomains,suchasemotions,ideas,andthoughts,andmoreconcreteobjectsastargetdomains,suchasanimals,plants,andnaturalphenomena.Thisisprobablybecauseabstractconceptsaremoredifficulttoexpress,andmetaphorscanbeusedtoprovideaconcreteimagethatdramatizestheconcept. Furthermore,wefoundthatsomestudentsusedmetaphorsinaninconsistentway,whichmaydiminishtheeffectivenessoftheirwriting.Forinstance,astudentused“lifeisaboxofchocolates,youneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoget”todescribetheunpredictabilityoflife,butimmediatelyfolloweditwith“lifeislikeastreamthatflowsinacertaindirection,andweshouldfollowit”.Thismixingoftwodifferentsourcedomainsmakesthemetaphorseemawkwardandlackscoherence. ImplicationandTeachingSuggestions Fromouranalysis,itisclearthatstudentsneedtodevelopabetterunderstandingofhowtousemetaphoreffecti