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BritishLiteratureOutline.doc

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BritishLiteratureOutline Britishliterature'referstoliteratureassociatedwiththeUnitedKingdom,theIsleofManandtheChannelIslandsaswellastoliteraturefromEngland,WalesandScotlandpriortotheformationoftheUnitedKingdom.MostBritishliteratureisintheEnglishlanguage. TheEnglishplaywrightandpoetWilliamShakespeareiswidelyregardedasthegreatestdramatistofalltime.AmongtheearliestEnglishwritersareGeoffreyChaucer(14thcentury),ThomasMalory(15thcentury),SirThomasMore(16thcentury),andJohnMilton(17thcentury).Inthe18thcentury,SamuelRichardsonisoftencreditedwithinventingthemodernnovel.Inthe19thcentury,therefollowedfurtherinnovationbyJaneAusten,thegothicnovelistMaryShelley,children'swriterLewisCarroll,theBrontësisters,thesocialcampaignerCharlesDickens,thenaturalistThomasHardy,thevisionarypoetWilliamBlakeandromanticpoetWilliamWordsworth.TwentiethcenturywritersincludethesciencefictionnovelistH.G.Wells,writersofchildren'sclassicsRudyardKipling,A.A.Milne,thecontroversialD.H.Lawrence,themodernistVirginiaWoolf,thesatiristEvelynWaugh,thepropheticnovelistGeorgeOrwell,thepopularnovelistGrahamGreene,crimenovelistAgathaChristie,andthepoetsTedHughesandJohnBetjeman.Mostrecently,thechildren'sfantasyHarryPotterseriesbyJ.K.RowlinghasrecalledthepopularityofJ.R.R.TolkienandC.S.Lewis. Scotland'scontributionincludesthedetectivewriterArthurConanDoyle,romanticliteraturebySirWalterScott,children'swriterJ.M.BarrieandtheepicadventuresofRobertLouisStevenson.IthasalsoproducedthecelebratedpoetRobertBurns,aswellasWilliamMcGonagall,regardedbymanyasoneoftheworld'sworst.Morerecently,themodernistandnationalistHughMacDiarmidandNeilM.GunncontributedtotheScottishRenaissance.AmoregrimoutlookisfoundinIanRankin'sstoriesandthepsychologicalhorror-comedyofIainBanks.Scotland'scapital,Edinburgh,isUNESCO'sfirstworldwidecityofliterature. TheoldestknownpoemfromtheareanowknownasScotland,YGododdin,wascomposedinCumbricorOldWelshinthelatesixthcenturyandcontainstheearliestknownreferencetoKingArthur.AgreatroleinthedevelopmentofArthurianlegend,