四六级文化翻译题.doc

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春节是是中国的农历新年。在中国的传统节日中，这是一个最重要、最热闹的节日。中国人过春节有很多传统习俗。除夕之夜，是家人团聚的时候。一家人围坐在一起，吃一顿丰盛的年夜饭(NewYear’sEvedinner)，说说笑笑，直到天亮，这叫守岁（stayinguptoseetheyearout）。除夕零点的钟声一响，人们还要吃饺子。从初一开始，人们要走亲戚、看朋友，互相拜年（greeteachother）。拜年，是春节的重要习俗。放爆竹（setofffirecrackers）是春节期间孩子们最喜欢的活动。传说燃放爆竹可以驱妖除魔（driveoffevilspirits）。
SpringFestivalistheNewYearinChineselunarcalendar.AmongthetraditionalChinesefestivals,thisisthemostimportantandthemostbustlingfestival.ChinesehavemanytraditionalcustomsrelatingtotheSpringFestival.NewYear’sEveisthetimeforahappyreunionofallthefamilymembers,whentheysitaroundthetabletohaveabumperNewYear’sEvedinner,talkingandlaughing,untildaybreak,whichiscalled“stayinguptoseetheyearout”.WhenthebelltollsmidnightonNewYear’sEve,peopleeatdumplings.Fromthefirstdayofthelunaryear,peoplevisitrelativesandfriends,togreeteachother,whichisanimportantcustomfortheSpringFestival.SettingofffirecrackersisthefavoriteactivityofchildrenintheSpringFestival,whichcoulddriveoffevilspiritsaccordingtolegend.
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农历八月十五（the15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth），是中国的传统节日中秋节（Mid-AutumnFestival）。这天晚上，天上的月亮又圆又亮。人们把圆月看作团圆美满的象征，所以中秋节又被称为“团圆节”(FestivalforReunion)。按照传统习惯，中国人要一边赏月(admirethemoon)一边品尝月饼。因为月饼是圆的，象征着团圆，所以有的地方叫它“团圆饼”。秋天，人们一年的劳动有了收获。中秋节的晚上，全家人坐在一起赏月、吃月饼，心里充满了丰收(bumperharvest)的喜悦和团聚的欢乐。这时，远离家乡的人们也会仰望明月，思念故乡和亲人。
The15thdayoftheeighthlunarmonthisChinesetraditionalMid-AutumnFestival.Onthenightoftheday,themoonseemsfullandparticularlybright.Sincepeopleconsiderthefullmoonasthesymbolofreunionandcompleteness,thefestivalisalsocalledtheFestivalforReunion.Onthatday,theChinesehavethecustomofadmiringthemoonandeatingmooncakes.Asthemooncakeisround,symbolizingreunion,itissometimescalled“reunioncake”.Inautumn,peoplereaptheharvestsoftheiryear’slabor.OnthenightoftheMid-AutumnFestival,thewholefamilyfilledwithhappinessforthebumperharvestandafamilyreunionwillsittogethertoadmirethemoonandeatmooncakes.Atthattime,peoplefarawayfromhometownwillalsolookupat(to)themoonandmisstheirhometownandfamily.
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英语中的“china”一词有两个意义，一个是中国，一个是瓷（porcelain）。西方人很早就把中国与