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基于AHP和GIS的山区小流域山洪灾害风险区划研究.docx

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基于AHP和GIS的山区小流域山洪灾害风险区划研究 Abstract Mountainousareasarepronetoflashfloodsanddebrisflowsduetotheirsteepterrainandheavyrainfall.Theriskassessmentofmountainflooddisastercanassistintheallocationofresourcesfordisasterpreventionandtheformulationofdisasterpreventionstrategies.Inthispaper,weproposeanapproachforriskassessmentofmountainflooddisastersinsmallwatershedsbasedonAnalyticHierarchyProcess(AHP)andGeographicInformationSystem(GIS).Weselected13factorsincludingtheterrainslope,rainfallintensity,landusetype,soilerosion,anddistancetoriverandappliedAHPtoassigndifferentweightstoeachfactor.Then,weintegratedthesefactorsintoGIStoclassifythesmallwatershedsintofourdifferentrisklevels:high,medium,low,andnorisk.Theresultsshowthat35.8%ofthesmallwatershedsareclassifiedashigh-riskareas,whileonly4.2%areclassifiedasno-riskareas.Theresearchfindingscanprovidedecision-makerswithascientificbasisfortheallocationofdisasterpreventionresourcesandtheimplementationofpreventivemeasures. Keywords:AnalyticHierarchyProcess(AHP),GeographicInformationSystem(GIS),Mountainflooddisaster,Riskassessment,Smallwatershed Introduction MountainousareasoccupyalargeareainChina,accountingforabout60%ofthetotallandarea.Someoftheseareasarepronetoflashfloodsanddebrisflowsduetotheirsteepterrain,complexgeologicalconditions,andfrequentheavyrainfall.Themountainflooddisasternotonlyhascausedhugeeconomiclossesbutalsoendangersthesafetyofpeople'slivesandproperties.Therefore,itisessentialtoconductacomprehensiveriskassessmentofmountainflooddisasters(Liu&Hu,2018).Byidentifyingthepotentialrisksandpredictingtheprobabilityofoccurrenceofdisasters,wecantakeeffectivemeasurestoreducethedamagecausedbydisaster. Thetraditionalriskassessmentmethodsformountainflooddisastersmainlyrelyonexpertexperience,statisticalanalysis,andhistoricaldisasterdata.Thesemethodshavethedisadvantagesofsubjectivityandrandomness.Withthedevelopmentofcomputerscienceandgeographicinformationtechnology,newriskassessmentmethodshaveemerged,suchastheAnalyticHierarchyProcess(AH