中考英语名词总复习完整ppt课件.ppt

知识结构一：可数名词
可数名词单数的表达
一般可用a，an，one来修饰
注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前
*abook
*anEnglishbook
*anhouranhonestboy
*ausefulbook

flower名词的复数形式
1.规则变化
(1)一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/
*dog–dogs*book–books
(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加
“es”/iz/
*box–boxes*watch–watches
*dish–dishes*bus–buses

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/
*country–countries*factory–factories*family–families*lady–ladies
请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加“s”
*boy–boysholiday-holidays
*monkey–monkeystoy–toys
(4)以f、fe结尾的名词,变f、fe为v再加“es”/vz/
*half–halves*shelf–shelves
*knife–knives*leaf–leaves
巧记歌诀：半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf）架后小偷（thief）逃命（life）亡.
(5)以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外

*piano–pianos*zoo–zoos
potato–potatoestomato–tomatoeschild--children2.不规则变化:(1)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth–teethfoot–feet
(2).变man为men
man–menwoman–women
policeman–policemen
frenchman–Frenchmen
请区别:German(德国人)–Germans
(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
3没有规律child–childrenmouse–mice

(4).特殊形式的名词复数
1)单复数同行的名词：
sheepdeerfishJapaneseChinese
2)常以复数形式出现的名词:
peopleclothesshoessockstears
trousersfallsglassesthanks
这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数
*Myclothesarenewerthanyours.注意：如果强调整体谓语动词用单数，如果强调个体含义谓语动词用复数,避免主谓不一致。*Herfamilyisalargeoneandherfamilyareallteachers.她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。3.名词的用法
1)可数名词可以被a,an,one,two以及howmany，many，afew，few，any，lotsof,alotof，some等修饰
*Thereareafewpeopleinthepark.
*Howmanyknivesarethereinyourpencil-box?1.Several_____aretalkingunderthetree．Andtheyaretalkingabout______.
A．woman;children B．woman;child
C．women;children
2.Therearethreeinmyfamily.
A.peopleB.personC.child
3.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.A.GermansB.Germen
C.GermanyD.Germanies
4.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______.
A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knife
C.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife
5.Therearefour_______andtwo_______inthegroup.
A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，Germen
C.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans
2)不可数名词的用法
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat等。
workchalktimespacemusic
moneyweatherhomework
woodinformationnewsmedicine
1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数，多个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用复数
*Somebread——overth