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TOD对居民通勤模式的影响以英国泰恩威尔都市区为例.docx

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TOD对居民通勤模式的影响以英国泰恩威尔都市区为例 Abstract ThispaperexaminestheimpactofTransit-OrientedDevelopment(TOD)oncommuterbehaviourintheTyneandWearurbanregionoftheUK.TODaimstocreatevibrant,highlyconnectedandsustainableneighbourhoodscenteredaroundpublictransportinfrastructure.ThestudyanalysedthecurrentstateoftheTyneandWearregionandtheimplementationofTODandassesseditseffectoncommuterbehaviour.ResultsshowthatTODhasapositiveinfluenceoncommuterbehaviour,withimprovedpublictransportaccess,reducedcardependencyandimprovedactivetraveloptions.However,thepotentialdownsidesliketheimpactonaffordabilityandreducedculturaldiversitythatcancomewithTODneedtobeaddressedinfuturedevelopment. Introduction Transit-OrientedDevelopment(TOD)isaconceptthataimstocreatevibrant,mixed-useneighbourhoodsthatarecentredaroundpublictransportinfrastructure.Theconceptisbasedonthebeliefthatgoodpublictransportationsystemsarekeycomponentsofsuccessfulcommunities.TODattemptstocreatesustainablelivingconditionsandofferefficientsolutionsfordailycommutingwithinacity,reducingcardependencyintheprocess.TheaimofthispaperistoexploretheimpactofTODoncommuterbehaviourintheTyneandWearregionintheUK. TyneandWearurbanregion TyneandWearisametropolitanareathatcoversanareaofapproximately2,600km2,withapopulationofabout1millionpeople.Theregioniscomposedoffivemetropolitandistricts,namely:Sunderland,Gateshead,NewcastleuponTyne,SouthTynesideandNorthTyneside.Theareahasundergonesignificantregenerationoverthepast20years,withnewretail,leisure,andhousingdevelopments.TyneandWearhasawell-establishedpublictransportationsystem,includingbuses,trains,andtrams. ImpactofTODoncommuterbehaviour TheimpactofTODoncommuterbehaviourintheTyneandWearregionhasbeensignificant.ManyofthenewlydevelopedneighbourhoodsinTyneandWearembodytheprinciplesofTOD,includingmixed-usedevelopmentswithhighpedestrianconnectivityandexcellentaccesstopublictransportation.ThedevelopmentofTODintheTyneandWearregionhasledtochangesincommuterbehaviour,includingincreaseduseofpublictransportation,reduced