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翻译概论(精品文档)-.pdf

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翻译概论 一、名称解释 1、Thelinguisticturn---Since1950s,somelinguistspaidcloseattentiontotheissueof translationandpublishedaseriesofworksthatwerefundamentaltothetranslationstudies,such asIntroductiontotheTheoryofTranslationcomposedbyA.V.Fedorovin1953,Lesproblemes theoriquesdelatraductionwrittenbyfamousFrenchlinguistGeorgesMouninin1963,andA LinguisticTheoryofTranslation:AnEssayinAppliedLinguisticscomposedbyJ.C.Catfordin 1965.Theseresearchesweretherepresentativesofthelinguisticturnofthetranslationin1950s and1960s,whichleadtranslationfromthetechnicalandpracticalstudiestotheoreticalstudies andstartedtoexploretheunderlyingissuessuchastheessenceoftranslation. 2、Strictlyspeaking,inwesternworld,thefirsttranslatedworkistheLatinversionofHomer’s epicOdyssey,whichwastranslatedbyAndronicusinthemiddleof3rdcenturyfromGreek. 3、ThetheologistandtranslatorSt.Jerome,whohastranslatednumerousGreektheological works,isnamed“thefatheroftranslationstudy”bytoday’swesterntranslationscholars. 4、LuoXinzhangsummarizedtheprocessofthetraditionaltranslationasfourkeywords,namely, originaltext,fidelity,alikenessinspiritandperfection. 5、InhisworkContemporaryTranslationTheories(2001),EdwinGentzlerclassified contemporarytranslationtheoriesintofiveschoolsasschoolofTtraining,Tscienceschool,early TresearchSchool,Poly-systemanddeconstructivism,allofwhichbeganinthemid-1960sand continuetobeinfluentialtoday. 6、ApartfromthemethodsproposedbyNidatodistinguishthemeaningofthewords, C.W.Morrisalsosuggestedthatthemeaningofthewordcouldbeclassifiedasreferentialmeaning, intralingualmeaningandpragmaticmeaning. 7、Dynamicequivalenceandformalequivalencearetermsformethodsoftranslationcoinedby EugeneNida.Thetwotermshaveoftenbeenunderstoodasfundamentallythesameassense-for- sensetranslationandword-for-wordtranslationrespectively.Hisoriginaldefinitionofdynamic equivalencewas:thetranslatorshouldtranslatesothattheeffectofthetranslationonthetarget readerisroughlythesameastheeffectofthesourcetextoncewasonthesourcereader. Formalequivalen