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第4章-糖代谢.ppt

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PartⅡMetabolism-OverviewOutlineChapter4ChemistryofCarbohydrate2.Oligosaccharide Commondisaccharide 麦芽糖(maltose)：Glu－Glu 蔗糖(sucrose)：Glu－F 乳糖(lactose)：Glu－Gal StarchGlycogenCellulose4.Glycoconjugate4.1Introduction1.FunctionsofCarbohydrate2.Digestion&Absorption淀粉3.OverviewofCarbohydrateMetabolism8.2AnaerobicCatabolismofCarbohydrates1.ProcedureofGlycolysisFirstphase：G→Pyruvate激酶(kinase)己糖激酶和葡萄糖激酶Reaction2Rx3:6-phosphofructokinase-1(PFK-1)Rx4:AldolaseRx5:TriosePhosphateIsomeraseRx6:Gly-3-DehydrogenaseReaction7底物水平磷酸化(substrate-levelphosphorylation)Rx8:PhosphoglycerateMutaseRx9:EnolaseRx10:PyruvateKinaseSecondPhase：Pyruvate→LactateFeaturesofGlycolysis2.RegulationofGlycolysisPFK-1PyruvateKinaseHK&GK3.糖酵解的生理功能4.3AerobicOxidationofCarbohydrate1.ProcedureofAerobicOxidation(1)OxidativeDecarboxylationofPyruvate丙酮酸脱氢酶复合体(2)TricarboxylicAcidCycle(TCAcycle）Reaction1:CitrateSynthaseRx2:AconitaseRx3:TheFirstOxidativeDecarboxylationRx4:SecondOxidativeDecarboxylationRx5:Succinyl-CoASynthetaseReaction6 AnoxidationinvolvingFADRx7:FumaraseRx8:MalateDehydrogenaseFeaturesofTCACycleTrueorFalse?三羧酸循环的生理意义2.FeaturesofAerobicOxidation3.RegulationofAerobicOxidationRegulationofPyruvateDehydrogenaseComplex三羧酸循环的调节Ca2+Whyregulateaerobicoxidation?思考题调课通知4.4PentosePhosphatePathway1.ProcedureTheFirstPhaseTheSecondPhase基团转移反应2.FeaturesofPentosePhosphatePathway3.磷酸戊糖途径的生理意义AAH2 2G-SHG-S-S-G NADP+NADPH+H+4.5GlycogenesisandGlycogenolysisStructureofGlycogen1.GlycogenesisG-6-P←→G-1-PUDPG(uridinediphophateglucose)SynthesisofGlycogenUDPFeaturesofGlycogenesis2.GlycogenolysisGlycogenPhosphorylase3.RegulationofGlycogenesis&GlycogenolysisCovalentModification共价修饰调节特点AllostericRegulation思考题Glycogenisverylimited4.6Gluconeogenesis1.GluconeogenicPathwayPyruvate→GlucoseEnergy-requiring：2ATP Howoxaloacetategoesintomitofromcytosol? oxaloacetate→malate oxaloacetate→Asp SourceofNADH+H+ lactate：LDH glucogenicAA：NADH+H+inmito ②F-1,6-2P→F-6-P其它原料的糖异生途径二、糖异生的调节糖 酵 解糖异生调节举例3.糖异生的生理意义4.LactateCycle(CoriCycle）乳酸循环的形成是由于肝和肌肉中酶的