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皮亚杰和维果茨基的比较研究.ppt

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CognitiveDevelopment:AComparativeResearchonPiaget’sTheoryandVygotsky’sSocioculturalViewpointContentTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetOrganizationistheprocessbywhichchildrencombineexistingschemesintonewandmorecomplexintellectualstructures. Adaptationisaninborntendencytoadjusttothedemandsoftheenvironment. Thegoalofadaptationistoadjusttotheenvironment;thisoccursthroughassimilationandaccommodation. Assimilationistheprocessofinterpretingnewexperiencesbyincorporatingthemintoexistingschemes. Accommodationistheprocessofmodifyingexistingschemesinordertoincorporateoradapttonewexperiences. PiagetianConceptTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--VygotskyTheProcessofCognitiveDevelopment--VygotskyCharacteristicsofhighermentalfunctionsstagecharacteristics 1.Preintellectualbabbling,crying;useoffirstwordsprimarilyasan emotionalformofbehavior 2.Intellectual:“naively”childrenrealizetheimportantoflanguageataboutthe Psychologicalageof2andfeeltheneedforwords.Speechfulfillsa labelingfunctionthroughwhichchildrenbeginto organizetheirworld.speechisjoinedtopractical intelligence.Manyareusedwithoutgraspingtrue meaning.(because,but) 3.Dominanceofexternalsignusecountingonone’sfingersisoneexample.Speechfirst (“Egocentric”)merelyaccompanieschildren’sactions.Lateritmoves graduallytothebeginningoftheproblem-solvingprocess andprecedesaction.Speechisthenusedtosynthesize eventsandtoplanproblem-solvingactivities. 4.Internalizationchildrenbegintocountintheirheadsandtouselogical memory.Egocentricspeechbecomesinnerspeechwhich becomesthebasisforchildren’sthinking.TheRoleofLanguageinCognitiveDevelopmentTheRoleofLanguageinCognitiveDevelopmentTheRoleofLanguageinCognitiveDevelopmentTheRoleofLanguageinCognitiveDevelopmentChangeAgentsinCognitiveDevelopment--PiagetChangeAgentsinCognitiveDevelopment--VygotskyFeedamanafishfeedhimforaday,teachamantofishfeedhimforalifetime!AnEvaluationofPiagetAnEvaluationofVygotskyPiagetvs.VygotskyPu