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TranslationofIdioms,ProverbsandSlangTranslationofIdiomsIdiomswithmetaphoricalmeanings Literaltranslation e.g.Trojanhorse特洛伊木马 towerofivory象牙塔 sourgrapes酸葡萄(心理) Sphinx’sriddle斯芬克司之谜 AswiseasSolomon如所罗门般智慧 Thefifthcolumn第五纵队 AJudaskiss犹大之吻 Crocodiletears鳄鱼的眼泪 Washone’shandsof洗手不干 Newwineinoldbottles旧瓶装新酒 Freetranslation e.g.inapig’swhisper低声地;顷刻间 drawblood伤人感情;惹人生气 hangonone’ssleeve依赖某人;任某人作主 hangonone’slips对某人言听计从 makeamonkeyof愚弄 tobefullofbeans精神旺盛;精力充沛 bendanearto聚精会神地听;倾听 getcoldfeet开始感到怀疑、胆怯或害怕 askeletonatthefeast扫兴的人或东西 buryone’sheadinthesand采取鸵鸟政策 IdiomswithequivalentsinChinese Equivalentbothinformandmeaning e.g.burntheboat破釜沉舟 castleintheair空中楼阁 aboltfromtheblue晴天霹雳 sixofoneandhalfadozenoftheother半斤八两 afterone’sownheart正中下怀 killtwobirdswithonestone一箭双雕,一石二鸟 showtheclovenhoof露出马脚 hangbyahair千钧一发 killthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs杀鸡取卵 Differentform,equivalentmeaning e.g.haveanaxetogrind别有用心 talkthroughone’shat胡言乱语 aspoorasJob家徒四壁 neitherfishnorfowl不伦不类,非驴非马 leavenostoneunturned千方百计 holeandcorner偷偷摸摸,鬼鬼祟祟 aflyintheointment美中不足 ?bytheskinofone’steeth九死一生 callaspadeaspade直言不讳,实话实说 **SometimesanEnglishidiomhasdifferentChineseequivalentsinvariouscontexts.Forexample: Reapaswhatonehassown种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆;自作自受;自食其果;自掘坟墓;咎由自取;玩火自焚;若火烧身;作茧自缚 Beontenterhooks提心吊胆;坐立不安;如坐针毡;局促不安;心乱如麻;心烦意乱;七上八下;六神无主;手足无措 Similarform,differentmeaning e.g.pullsomebody’sleg愚弄某人;开某人的玩笑(误译:拖后腿) moveheavenandearth想方设法;千方百计(误译:翻天覆地) child’splay简单的东西;容易的事情(误译:儿戏) eatone’swords(被迫)收回前言;承认说错(误译:食言) dogeatdog残酷争夺;人吃人的关系(误译:狗咬狗) Four-characterexpressionsinChinesetranslation e.g.ThemayorofToledosaidin1932:“Ihaveseenthousandsofthesedefeated,discouraged,hopelessmenandwomen,cringingandfawningastheycometoaskforpublicaid.Itisaspectacleofnationaldegradation.” 译:1932年,托莱多市长曾这样说道:“我见过成千上万山穷水尽、灰心绝望的男男女女前来请求救济,为此还低声下气、摇尾乞怜。此情此景真是丢尽了美国的脸。” e.g.Thegirlswereallsmilesonhearingthegoodnews. 误:姑娘们听到这个好消息都满脸堆笑。 正:听到这个好消息,姑娘们个个笑逐颜开。 e.g.Louisa(apeasantgirl):Asyouhavecometomyhome,Ifeelgreatlyhonored. 误:路易莎(一位农家姑娘):大驾光临,不胜荣幸! 正:路易莎