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皮肤科总论皮肤病症状学皮肤性病症状学皮肤(skin)是人体最大的器官,约占体重的16%,成人的皮肤面积约1.5m2,新生儿约0.21m2,厚约0.5—4mm(不包括皮下组织)。 Theskiniscomposedofthreelayer: epidermis(basementmembranezone), dermis, subcutaneoustissue.皮肤的组织学角质形成细胞(keratinocyte) 非角质形成细胞:melanocyte Langerhans’cell Merkelcell 表皮分层—由内向外分为五层黑素细胞、郎格汉斯细胞、麦格尔氏细胞基底膜带(basementmembranezone)真皮(dermis)皮下组织(subcutaneoustissue)皮肤附属器皮肤的生理功能皮肤性病的主要症状原发性损害(primarylesions)原发性损害—斑疹(macule)炎性红斑 (inflammatoryerythema)非炎性红斑(Non-inflammatoryerythema)出血点瘀点(petechia)出血点瘀点(petechia)斑片与斑疹斑片系直径大于2cm的斑疹。斑片(patch)原发性损害—丘疹(papule)非炎性丘疹(Non-inflammatorypaple)炎性丘疹(inflammatorypaple)丘疱疹(papulovesicle)斑块为较大的或多数丘疹融合而成的直径大于1cm的扁平、隆起性损害。斑块(plaque)原发性损害—水疱(vesicle)和大疱(bulla)脓疱(pustule)原发性损害—风团(wheal)38原发性损害—结节(nodule)40原发性损害—囊肿(cyst)42继发性损害(secondarylesions)继发性损害—鳞屑(scale、exfoliation)45继发性损害—浸渍(maceration)为表皮或黏膜上皮的缺损,露出红色湿润面。48继发性损害—溃疡(ulcer)50继发性损害—皲裂(fissure、cleft)52继发性损害—抓痕(excoriation、scratchmarks)继发性损害—痂(crust、scab)浆痂(crustcomposedoftissuefluid)继发性损害—瘢痕(scar)继发性损害—苔藓样变(lichenification)59继发性损害—萎缩(atrophy)皮疹检查时注意事项皮肤性病学的诊断皮肤病治疗学Thetreatmentofskindiseasesincludesfourimportantparts: Systemicagents Topicaldrugs Physicaltreatment SurgicaltreatmentSystemicagents(1)Systemicagents(2)Systemicagents(3)Systemicagents(4)Systemicagents(5)Systemicagents(6)nameSystemicagents(7)Systemicagents(8)Systemicagents(9)Topicaldrugs(1)Topicaldrugs(2)—EffectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs—effectsTopicaldrugs(3)—typesTopicaldrugs—types88湿敷Topicaldrugs—typesTopicaldrugs—types92摇匀后的洗剂Topicaldrugs—types95Topicaldrugs—typesTopicaldrugs—types98Topicaldrugs—types100Topicaldrugs—types102103Principlesofchoosingtopicaldrugs---selectionoftypes(1)Principleofchoosingtopicaldrugs---selectionoftypes(2)Principleofchoosingtopicaldrugs---selectionoftypes(3)Principleofchoosingtopicaldrugs---selectionofeffectsPhysicaltreatmentSurgicaltreatmentofskinThankyou!