语法非谓语动词讲解.doc

语法：语法：非谓语动词讲解
形式变化：一、形式变化：?主动：todosth.tobedoingsthtohavedone?被动：tobedonetohavebeendone句中的作用：二、句中的作用：?1.主语主语：Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Toloveandtobelovedisagreathappinessoflife.Itisimportantforsb.todosth.Itisveryniceofyoutosayso.2.表语：表语：表语?HiswishistobeateacherofEnglish.?Sheseemstobehappy.3.宾语：宾语：宾语?Helovedtolistentomusic.?IfinditdifficulttospeakEnglishwell.?Wehavedecidedtoexperimentwithanewmethod.4.定语：不定式和名词有三种逻辑关系。定语：定语?Thereislotsofworktodo.?Iwanttofindahousetolivein.?It’smyturntobeondutytoday.?Mydreamtobeateacherfinallycametrue.?Youaretheverypersontodothejob.5.状语：(目的、结果、原因等)inordertovs.onlyto状语：状语?Shelookedintothewindowtoseewhatwasgoingoninside.?Istartedearlysoastogettherebeforesuppertime.?Helivedtoseehischildrengrowup.?Heistooyoungtogotoschool.?Iworkedhardonlytofailatlast.?ThechildrenjumpedwithjoytohearofthearrivalofFatherChristmas.?Weareproudtobemembersofthisteam.补充说明：inf.常可用在某些作表语的形容词后面作状语：?说明产生这种情绪的原因：happy,glad,pleased,sorry,lucky,surprised,angry,able,right,ready,clever,foolish,quick,slow,polite,wrong,etc.Wearesurprisedtofindhimthere.Youarekindtohelpus.Becarefulnottocatchcold.或在哪方面存在表语形容词所表示的情况easy,difficult,hard,pleasant,interesting,exciting,comfortable,etc.此时，尽管inf.和宾语存在着动宾关系，然而，不定式不能用被动式，应用主动式。

Thegirlwaseasytogetonwith.Theroomispleasanttolivein.Thequestionisratherdifficulttoanswer.Thestoryisinterestingtoread.6.补足语：补足语：补足语?Chinaexpectseverymantodohisduty.?Icouldnotmakethemunderstandme.?Theyhelpedme(to)carrytheboxes.?Theearthwasnotknowntobeaplanet.?Weweremadetopaythemoney.?Amanwasseentoenterthehouse,andwasheardtogivesomeorder.三、inf.的各种结构：的各种结构：?1.否定结构：nottodosth.\nevertodosth.否定结构：Ipromisednottowakehimup.Youmustpromisenevertodothatagain.?2.疑问词inf.:具有名词性质，可作主语、表语、主要用作宾语。疑问词+?疑问代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,疑问副词：when,where,how,+inf.可用作下列动词的宾语：ask,decide,discover,findout,forget,know,remember,learn,wonder,wanttoknow,show,…Wheretostayforthenighthasnotbeendecided.Shehasforgottenwhomtoask.3.of/for+n./pron.+inf.It’sveryimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage