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NobelPrize论文.doc

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NobelPrize ThemainreasonwhyIchoosethistopicisthattherehasbeennoonefrommainlandChinawhowontheNobelPrizebyacceptedthegovernment.Representingthetopofinternationalaward,whyChinesepeoplecalledtheintelligentintheworldcan’tachieveit?Secondly,whydowepaymoreattentiontotheprize?Thirdly,Iwanttoacquiremuchdetailedinformationaboutit,includingitshistory,filed,organizationsandsoon. Asweallknown,everyyearsince1901theNobelPrizehasbeenawardedforachievementsinphysics,chemistry,physiologyormedicine,literatureandforpeace.TheNobelPrizeisaninternationalawardadministeredbytheNobelFoundationinStockholm,Sweden.In1968,SverigesRiksbank(瑞典银行)establishedTheSverigesRiksbankPrizeinEconomicSciencesinMemoryofAlfredNobel,founderoftheNobelPrize.Eachprizeconsistsofamedal,personaldiploma,andacashaward.1TheNobelPrizearewidelyregardedasthemostprestigiousawardsgivenforintellectualachievementintheworld.Accordingtothewillin1895,Nobelinstructedthatmostofhisfortunebesetasideasafundfortheawardingoffiveannualprizes“tothosewho,duringtheprecedingyear,shallhaveconferredthegreatestbenefitonmankind.”2 AfterNobeldeath,theNobelFoundationwassetuptocarryoutthetestamentandhandlehisfounds.Inhiswill,hehadauthorizedthatfourdifferentinstitutions，threeSwedishandoneNorwegian，canissuethePrize.Respectableandknowledgeable,fivepeopleinthesefieldsarecomposedofoneinstitution.AlthoughthewinnersareannouncedinOctoberandNovember,theselectionprocessbeginsintheearlyautumnoftheprecedingyear,whentheprize-awardinginstitutionsinvitemorethan6,000individualstopropose,ornominate,candidatefortheprizes.3 TheNobelBanquetisaneventmanywouldgiveafortunetoattend.Alas,only1,300guestscanbeseatedattheBlueHalloftheCityHallofStockholmwheretheBanquethasbeenheldsince1934.Duringthefirstdecades,'consommés'orclearsoupslike'TortureClaire'werecommonstarters.Today,theguidingprincipleisthatthemenusshouldhaveatouchofScandinavia.EveryNobelBanquethasaparticulartheme.Thisisreflectedinthedecorationsandtheentertainmentfortheevening.Lilies,orchids,androsesinstriki