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大学跨文化英语教材答案.pdf

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大学跨文化英语教材答案-- 大学跨文化英语教材答案 Unit1:IntroductiontoCross-CulturalCommunication SectionA:UnderstandingCulture 1.Whatisculture? Culturereferstothesharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,and artifactsthatcharacterizeagrouporsociety.Itincludesbothmaterialand non-materialaspects. 2.Howdoescultureinfluencecommunication? Cultureinfluencescommunicationbyshapingthewayweperceive, interpret,andexpressverbalandnonverbalmessages.Italsoaffectsour attitudestowardstime,space,relationships,andsocialnorms. SectionB:CulturalDimensions 1.Hofstede'sCulturalDimensions Hofstedeidentifiedfiveculturaldimensionsthatcanhelpusunderstand culturaldifferences: -PowerDistance:Theextenttowhichasocietyacceptsunequal distributionofpower. -Individualismvs.Collectivism:Thefocusonindividualgoalsvs.group harmonyandinterdependence. -Masculinityvs.Femininity:Theemphasisonassertiveness, competition,andmaterialsuccessvs.cooperationandqualityoflife. 大学跨文化英语教材答案-- 大学跨文化英语教材答案-- -UncertaintyAvoidance:Theextenttowhichasocietytolerates ambiguity,uncertainty,andrisk. -Long-Termvs.Short-TermOrientation:Thefocusonfuturerewards andpersistencevs.traditionandimmediategratification. 2.Trompenaars'CulturalDimensions Trompenaarsproposedsevenculturaldimensionsthatcomplement Hofstede'smodel: -Universalismvs.Particularism:Theemphasisonrulesandstandardsvs. flexibilityandrelationships. -Individualismvs.Communitarianism:Theimportanceofpersonal interestsvs.collectivewelfare. -Neutralvs.Emotional:Thedisplayofemotionsinsocialinteractions. -Specificvs.Diffuse:Theseparationofpersonalandprofessionallifevs. overlappingroles. -Achievementvs.Ascription:Theemphasisonindividualachievements vs.socialstatus. -Sequentialvs.Synchronic:Theperceptionoftimeaslinearand structuredvs.flexibleandfluid. -Internalvs.ExternalControl:Thebeliefinpersonalcontroloverevents vs.fateanddestiny. Unit2:VerbalCommunicationacrossCultures SectionA:LanguageandMeaning 大学跨文化英语教材答案-- 大学跨文化英语教材答案-- 1.LanguageandCulture Lang