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第10卷第2期2010年1月科学技术与工程Vo1.10No.2Jan.2010 l67l—l815(2010)2-0546-04ScienceTechnologyandEngineering⑥2010Sci.Tech.Engng. 化工技术 短碳纤维增强尼龙6复合材料的制备与研究 李春华宋国君杨淑静杨超孙伟 (青岛大学高分子材料研究所,青岛266071) 摘要碳纤维复合材料是通过双螺杆反应挤出机复合制备,研究了复合材料的微结构和力学性能,碳纤维的扫描电镜照片 显示,处理后的碳纤维较未处理碳纤维有更好的表面粗糙度。复合材料断面照片显示处理后的碳纤维和基体尼龙6材料有着 很好的界面结合。复合材料的力学性能得到提高,其拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别提高了33%和50%。 关键词碳纤维双螺杆挤出硝酸氧化界面结合 中图法分类号TQ327;文献标志码A Nylonisthemostpopularengineeringplasticsjustreacteasilywithmatrices,andincreasethesurfaceen— invirtueoftheattractiveproperties.Carbonfiber—rein‘ergy.Theoxidationmethodsusedforcarbonfibersur- facesincludeoxidationinvariousplasma【3l4]gas—phase forcedcomposite(CFRP)isakindofhighperformance, materialusedinhigh—technologyfields,suchastheoxidation[,anodizati0n[7]electrochemicaloxida- .。 tioninvariouselectrolytes[10’¨ aerosDaeeandautomobileindustries,aswellasin,gamma—rayorneutron sportinggoods.Shoacarbonfiber—reinforcedpolymerradion㈦andwetcheroicalmethods【l3】suchasboiling expandstheapplicationinvariousengineeringfieldtoinsulfuricacid,phosphoricacid,ornitricacid,etc. formaveryimportantclassoftribo—materials.DespiteInthestudy.inordertomanufzlctureCFRPcon— itslowermechanicalpropertiesincomparisonwithcon‘tinuously,CFRPwerepreparedbytwinscrewextru。 tinuousfiber.reinforcedpolymers,shortcarbonfiber—der.WeresearchintotheeffectofnitricacidontheCF reinforcedthermoplasticsisveryattractiveowingtobySEMphotographandtheeffectofCFoncrystalliza— theiradvantagesofeasyfabrication,economyandbet—tionperformanceofCFRPbyDSCcurve. termechanicalpropertiescomparedwithpurepoly [1,21 mers.1Experimental Fiber.matrixadhesionisveryimportantforme’ chanicalpropertiesofCFRP.Itiswellacceptedthat 1.1Materials theadhesioncanbeenhancedbysurfzLcetreatmentof Nylon6resin(PA6)issuppliedbytheChinaPet- carbonfiber.Inordertoachievethepurpose,lotsof rochemicalBaLingCompanyLtd.Thecarbonfiber methodshavebeendeveloped,suchasoxidation,coat— (CF)issuppliedbyGuangweiCompanyLtd. ing,andgraftingreaction.Generally,oxidationisa 1.2PreparationofCF