国际支付与结算答案.doc

第一章
SWIFT通讯方式（全称，特点，提供的服务）
全称：societyforworldwideinterbankfinancialtelecommunications,acomputerizedinternationaltelecommunicationssystemthat,throughstandardizedformattedmessages,rapidlyprocessesandtransmitsfinancialtransactionsandinformationamongitsmembersaroundtheworld
提供的服务ServicesprovidedbySWIFT:
FIN(FinancialApplication)
IFT(InterbankFileTransfer)
特点CharacteristicsofSWIFT:
Quickandcheap;
Secureandreliable;
第二章
来账，往账两个账户的情况
nostroaccount:duefromaccount,theforeigncurrencyaccountofamajorbankwiththeforeignbanksabroadtofacilitateinternationalpaymentsandsettlements.
Vostroaccount:duetoaccount,theaccountheldbyabankonbehalfofacorrespondentbank.
FromthepointofviewofaChinesebank,anostroaccountisourbank’saccountinthebookofanoverseasbankdenominatedinforeigncurrency;andavostroaccountisanoverseasbank’saccountwithourbankdenominatedinRMB.
两个外汇资金的清算体系（美元2个，欧元一个）
ⅠfundstransferringsysteminChina
Intra-citytransferbetweendifferentbanks;
Intra-banktransferbetweendifferentcities;
Inter-banktransfersbetweendifferentcities.
ⅡUSDforeignexchangesystem:
FEDWIRE:afundtransfersystemoperatednationwideintheUSAbytheFederalReserveSystemtotransferfundsfromonefinancialinstitutiontoanotherwithanaccountbalanceheldwiththeFed.
Real-timegrosssettlementsystem:usuallyoperatedbycentralbanks,inwhicheachpaymentorderissettledimmediatelyuponitsentryintothesysteminitsentire(gross)amount.

CHIPS(ClearingHouseInterbankPaymentSystem):anettingsystemoperatedbytheNewYorkClearingHouseAssociation.
Anettingpaymentsystem:paymentordersdebitingtheaccountsofparticipantsarecollectedforacertaintimeperiod,andthenattheendofthattimethenetpositioniscalculatedandclearedforeachparticipantonthebasisofthepaymentorderssentandreceived.
Advantagesofnettingpaymentsystem:
lowerliquidityrequirementthatbanksneedinordertosettlepaymentsofaspecificvalue(onlythedifferencebetweenthevalueofanindividualbank’sincomingandoutgoingpaymentsissettledbytransferringfunds);
nettingsystemsaremoreefficientfromthepointofviewofthecommunicationsandprocessingc