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湖南英语专业翻译课程笔记1.doc

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Content Chapter1AGeneralIntroductionofTranslation Chapter2ProcessofTranslation Chapter3StrategiesofTranslation Chapter4ContrastbetweenEnglishandChinese Chapter5Translationese Chapter6NegationandAffirmation Chapter7Amplification Chapter8Omission Chapter9Division Chapter10Conversion Chapter1AGeneralIntroductionofTranslation 1.DefinitionofTranslation 2.FunctionsofTranslation 3.CriteriaofTranslation 4.QualitiesofaGoodTranslator 1.DefinitionofTranslation 1)Translationconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguage,firstlyintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.(Nida) 2)Translationisrenderingthemeaningoftextintoanotherlanguage.(Newmark) 3)Translationmaybedefinedasfollows:Thereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguage(SL)byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage(TL). 2.FunctionsofTranslation 1)Ameansofcross-linguisticcommunication. 2)Aninstrumenttotransmitcultureandpromotesocialdevelopment. e.g.introductionofBuddhismfromIndiatoChina,sci-techexchangesamongdifferentcountries 3)Awayofenrichinglanguageexpressions. e.g.武装到牙齿，掉鳄鱼眼泪，papertiger,kungfu.. 4)Atechniquetoimprovelanguageacquisition. 3.CriteriaofTranslation 1)Somecriteriaproposedbyfamoustranslators ⑴Faithfulness,expressiveness,elegance(YanFu) ⑵Ratherbeingfaithfulinthoughtthansmoothinform(LuXun) ⑶Spiritualalike(FuLei) ⑷Reachtheacmeofofperfection(QianZhongshu) ⑸Functionalequivalence(Nida) ⑹Atranslationshouldgiveacompletetranscriptoftheideasoftheoriginalwork;Thestyleandmannerofwritingshouldbeofthesamecharacterasthatoftheoriginal;Atranslationshouldhavealltheeaseoftheoriginalcomposition.(Tytlor) 2)Twofundamentalcriteriafortranslation ⑴Faithfulness:Thetranslationshouldbefaithfultotheoriginal,notonlyintermsofmeaning,butalsointermsofstyle. Ex1.Sheisaprettygirlwiththehard,brightfacelikeachinadoll’s. 【OriginalVersion】她是个漂亮女孩，脸蛋又冷有艳，活象一个中国娃娃。 【CorrectedVersion】她是个漂亮女孩，脸蛋又冷有艳，活象一个瓷娃娃。 Ex2.Shetriedgoingthroughthefirstpages. 【O.V】她试着翻翻第一页。 【C.V】她试着翻翻前几页。 Ex3.Thegovernorwasdrivenoffinhiscar.