汽车设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译.pdf

汽车设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

AutomobileDesign-FrameDesigns
Thevehicleframeisthebasicplatformtowhichall
suspensionandsteeringlinkagepartsattach.Avehiclewill
neithersteernorhandlewelliftheframeistooflexible.Arigid
framestructuremaypassunnecessaryvibrationsintothe
passengercompartment.Theframeandsuspensiondesignwill
affecttheridequality,handling,anddurability,aswellasthe
levelsofbothnoiseandvibration.
Manufacturersuseseveraldifferenttypesofconstructionon
theirvehicles.Ofthese,separatebodyandframeconstruction
wasthemostcommonthroughthe1970's.Itisstillusedinlarge
vans,pickups,andtrucks.Inthistypeofconstruction,theengine,
driveline,runninggear,andbodymounttotheframethrough
insulators.Insulatorsaresyntheticrubberpadsthatkeeproad
andenginenoiseandvibrationfromgoingintothepassenger
compartment.
Asecondtypeofconstructionistheunitizedbody.This,
designisbyfarthemostpopularinmodernvehicles.Theunitized
designhasalightweightstructurewiththerequiredstrength.Tn
thistypeofconstruction,theframeisweldedintothebodyas
partofthebodystructure.Bodypanelsaddstrengthtotheframe
pieces.Therunninggearanddrivelinearemountedtothe
unitizedbodythroughlarge,softsyntheticrubberinsulators.The
insulatorsminimizethetransferofnoiseandvibration.Ifthe
insulatorsaretoosoft,theywillallowtoomuchrunninggearand
drivelinemovement.Thismovement,calledcompliance,affects
vehiclehandlingandcontrol.Iftheinsulatorsaretoohard,they
willnotinsulatenoiseandvibrationastheyshould.The
manufacturercarefullydesignstheinsulatorsandputsthem
wheretheywillbeinavehiclewithlownoiseandvibration
transmissionthatstillhasproperhandlingandfeel.Insulator
propertieschangewithage,changingoriginalcharacteristicsas
thevehiclebecomesolder.
Athirdtypeofconstructioncombinesthefeaturesofthefirst
andsecondtypes.Itusesastubframefromthebulkheadforward
andaunitizedbodyfromthebulkheadback.Theunitizedpartis
veryrigid,whilethestubframeprovidesaplaceforgood
insulation.
Manufacturersselectthetypeofconstruction.thatismost
economicaltobuild,'whileprovidingthenoise