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双离合变速器外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译.pdf

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附录一：双离合变速器 Dualclutchtransmission FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Adualclutchtransmission,commonlyabbreviatedtohoopDCT (sometimesinformallyreferredtoasatwin-clutchgearbox,doubleclutch transmission,orsimilarvariationsthereof),isadifferingtypeofsemi-automatic orautomatedmanualautomotivetransmission.Itutilisestwoseparate clutchesforoddandevengearsets.Itcanfundamentallybedescribedastwo separatemanualtransmissions(withtheirrespectiveclutches)containedwithin onehousing,andworkingasoneunit.Theyareusuallyoperatedinafully automaticmode,andmanyalsohavetheabilitytoallowthedrivertomanually shiftgears,albeitstillcarriedoutbythetransmission’selectro-hydraulics. ThistypeoftransmissionwasinventedbyFrenchmanAdolpheKegresse justpriortoWorldWarIIbutheneverdevelopedaworkingmodel.Thefirst actualDCTsarrivedfromPorschein-housedevelopment,forPorscheracing carsinthe1980s,whencomputerstocontrolthetransmissionbecame compactenough:thePorscheDopelkupplungsgetribe(English:dualclutch gearbox)(PDK)usedinthePorsche956and962LeMansracecarsfrom 1983,andtheAudiSportQuattroS1rallycar. Adualclutchtransmissioneliminatesthetorqueconverterasusedin conventionalepicyclic-gearedautomatictransmissions.Instead,dualclutch transmissionsthatarecurrentlyonthemarketprimarilyusetwooil-bathedwet multi-plateclutches,similartotheclutchesusedinmostmotorcycles,though dryclutchversionsarealsoavailable. ThefirstseriesproductionroadcartobefittedwithaDCTwasthe2003 VolkswagenGolfMk4R32. Asof2009,thelargestnumberofsalesofDCTsinWesternEuropeareby variousmarquesoftheGermanVolkswagenGroup,thoughthisisanticipated tolessenasothertransmissionmakersandvehiclemanufacturersmakeDCTs availableinseriesproductionautomobiles.In2010,onBMWCanada’swebsite forthe3SeriesCoupe,itisdescribedbothasa7-speeddoubleclutch transmissionandasa7-speedautomatictransmission.Itisactuallyadual clutchsemi-automatic. InDCTswherethetwoclutchesarearrangedconcentrically,thelarger outerclutchdrivestheoddnumberedgears,whilstthesmallerinnerclutch drivestheevennumber